Ferman, Ali MuratÖzçelik, GayeIşık Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Çağdaş İşletme Yönetimi Doktora Programı2016-06-282016-06-282007Özçelik, G. (2007). The impact of host-country environment and headquarters on strategic human resource development practices at MNE subsidiaries: A survey from Turkey. İstanbul: Işık Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.https://hdl.handle.net/11729/1027Text in English ; Abstract: English and TurkishIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 214-226)xii, 321 leavesToday, the acceleration in globalization and competition has given rise to an increased emphasis for MNEs in managing their international human resource base. One of the most important concerns for MNE subsidiaries is whether they adapt their human resources practices to local context (local responsiveness or isomorphism) or their HR practices are similar to those of their parent company. MNEs operating in multiple countries face the pressure for taking the demands requested by country-specific environmental forces into consideration. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of MNE organizational factors, environmental factors, subsidiary characteristics and MNE characteristics on local responsiveness of strategic human resource development (SHRD) practices of overseas MNE subsidiaries{u2014}wholly foreign owned MNE subsidiaries {u2013} operating in Turkey. Considering the significant increase of FDI in Turkey and the potential of further exploration about pressures for global integration-local responsiveness of MNEs, the main objective is to investigate the distinct forces for global integration and local responsiveness and to explore the strength of the existing relationship. The study tests the influencing dimensions on the SHRD practices through considering Institutional, Resource Dependence and Contingency Theories. Moreover, the strength of the significantly observed relationships is also examined. The evidence presented showed that local responsiveness of strategic HR practices being management of performance appraisal, management of career planning and also recruitment and selection criteria are dependent on the forces imposed from MNE organizational factors (national origin, control orientation, and international strategy) and environmental factors (the subsidiary's dependence on the local context, relationship with local customers and competitors). In addition, moderating influences were found regarding certain categories of the sample. Finally, the study presented limitations and proposed recommendations for further studies.Günümüzde globalizasyon ve rekabetteki ivme, çok uluslu şirketlerde (ÇUŞ) uluslararası insan kaynağının yönetiminin önemini arttırmaktadır. ÇUŞ'lerde en önemli sorunlardan biri, bu şirketlerin insan kaynakları (IK) uygulamalarının faaliyette bulundukları ülkelerde bu ülkelerin yerel koşullarına göre (izomorfizm veya eşeşdeğerlilik) ya da ÇUŞ ana merkezinin belirlemiş standart prensip ve uygulamalara göre (küresel entegrasyon ya da standardizasyon) gerçekleştirilip gerçekleştirilmediğidir. ÇUŞ'ler farklı ülkelerde ticari faaliyetlerini yerine getirirken, bu ev sahibi ülkelere özgü bir takım dinamikleri dikkate almak durumundadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ÇUŞ'lerin Türkiye'de faaliyet gösteren şubelerinde, ana merkez bağlamındaki örgütsel faktörlerin, faaliyette bulunulan ülkedeki (Türkiye) yerel çevresel faktörlerin, Türkiye'deki şube özelliklerinin ve çok uluslu firmanın ana merkez bağlamındaki özelliklerinin stratejik IK gelişim uygulamalarının yerelleşmesi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Yabancı yatırımların ivme kazanması ve literatürde söz konusu globalleşme-yerelleşme ikilemi konusunun araştırılmasına yönelik algılanan potansiyel dikkate alınarak, Türkiye'deki çok uluslu şirketlerin stratejik IK gelişim uygulamalarının globalleşme ya da yerelleşmelerinde etkili olan unsurlar araştırılmaktadır. Burada etkili olabileceği düşünülen unsurlar Kurumsallaşma, Kaynak Bağımlılığı ve Durumsallık Teorileri doğrultusunda geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca anlamlı ilişki olduğu tesbit edilen bulgularda bu ilişkilerin gücü de irdelenmektedir. Bulgulardan ortaya çıkan sonuçlar şu şekilde özetlenebilir: IK gelişim uygulamalarından özellikle performans yönetimi, kariyer planlama yönetimi ve işe alım kriterlerinin yerelleşmesi ile, çok uluslu şirkete özgü örgütsel faktörler (ülke menşei, control yönelimi, uluslararası strateji) ve ev sahibi ülke olarak, Türkiye'ye özgü çevresel faktörleri (ÇUŞ'nin ev sahibi ülkeye kaynak bağımlılığı, yerel müşteri ve rakip firmalarla olan ilişkileri) arasında bağımlılık ilişkisi görülmüştür. Türkiye'deki şubeye ve ana merkeze özgü özelliklerden bazılarının ikili ilişkilerde üçüncü bir değişken olarak etkileşime neden olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmanın sonunda araştırmanın kısıtları açıklanmış ve ileriye yönelik çalışmalara ilişkin önerilerde bulunulmuştur.IntroductionThe Fundamentals of Multinational EnterprisesThe Growing Importance of International BusinessEntry Strategies for International BusinessMultinationalism and MNEsThe Concept of MNEs: Definitions from LiteratureThe Distinctive Characteristics of an MNEThe Evolutionary Theories of Multinational OrganizationInternal Selection MechanismsThe 1980s: External Selection MechanismsThe 1990s: Differentiated Theories and Richness to RigorOrganization - Environment Theories and MNEsInstitutional TheoryResource Dependence TheoryContingency TheoryPopulation Ecology TheoryStrategic Development in MNEsThe Integration-Responsiveness Framework and Its FoundationsIntegration-Differentiation Framework of Lawrence and LorschIntegration-Differentiation Framework of ThompsonIntegration-Responsiveness Framework of Prahalad and DozPorter’s Coordination-Configuration (C-C) FrameworkStrategic Planning in MNEsTallman and Yip’s Analytical Framework for Strategic PlanningHarzing and Ruysseveldt’s Framework for Strategic PlanningBartlett and Ghoshal’s Typology of MNEsTransnational Organizational ModelThe Headquarters-Subsidiary Relationship in MNEsThe Strategy Evolution at the Subsidiary LevelThe Subsidiary Strategic Roles and Resource FlowsThe Multinational as an Inter-organizational Network and Role of Subsidiaries in the Network MNEControl and Coordination Mechanisms in MNEsThe Notion of Control and CoordinationThe Distinction between Control and CoordinationStrategic Control and Implications for SubsidiariesIHRM in MNEs across Borders: Major InfluencesThe Conceptual Framework of HRM and IHRMGoing Multinational and Implications of IHRMStrategic International Human Resource ManagementModels of SIHRM and MNE ImplicationsAdler and Ghadar’s Phases of Internationalization (1990)Taylor, Beechler and Schon’s Model of SIHRMDe Cieri and Dowling Model of Strategic IHRMPerlmutter’s Model and IHRM Implications in MNEsIHRM Orientations of MNEs across BordersOrganization-Environment Theories Applied to SIHRM in MNEsThe Institutional TheoryThe Resource Dependence TheoryThe Contingency TheoryTheoretical Background of HRM Context in Turkey and IHRM with Different National OriginsHRM Context in TurkeyInstitutional and Regulatory Context of Labor Market in TurkeyHRM in MNEs with Different National OriginsAnalyzing IHRM from the Perspective of ‘I/R Framework’A Conceptual Model Explaining the Influences Arising from HostCountry Environment and HeadquartersMNE organizational FactorsEnvironmental FactorsDeterminants of Local responsiveness of Strategic Human Resource Development Practices at MNE Subsidiaries in TurkeyDevelopments in The World Foregn Direct InvestmentThe Developments in the Area of FDI in TurkeyResearch DesignThe Objective of the ResearchThe Research Model Framework and HypothesesResearch Sampling ProcessData Collection MethodologyDeveloping the Determinants for Local Responsiveness of SHRD PracticesOperationalization of VariablesThe Reliability and Validity of the Measurement Instrument through Pilot StudyThe Reliability Analysis of the Measurement Instrument for the Whole SampleData Analysis and Data SetResearch FindingsDescriptive Non Inferential Statistics- Characteristics of the MNE subsidiaries and Demographic InformationDescriptive Non-Inferential Statistics: Frequency DistributionsData Preparations and TransformationsBivariate Analysis and Chi-Square Based StatisticsMultivariate Analyses: Relationships among Three VariablesResults of HypothesesConclusionsLimitations of the StudyImplications for Further ResearchQuestionnaire Form (English)Questionnaire Form (Turkish)The Reliability and Item-Total Statistics - Pilot StudyThe Reliability and Item-Total Statistics -Whole SampleFrequency Distribution Results (Non-Recoded)Bivariate Analysis: Chi-Square Based Statisticseninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United StatesContingency theoryEnvironmental factorsHeadquartersHost countryInstitutional theoryMNE Organizational factorsMultinational enterprises (MNEs)Resource-dependence theoryStrategic human resource development practicesAna merkezÇok uluslu şirkete özgü örgütsel faktörlerÇok uluslu şirketlerDurumsallık (koşul bağımlılık) teorisiEşEşdeğerlilikEv sahibi ülkeEv sahibi ülkeye özgü çevresel faktörlerKaynak bağımlılığı teorisiKurumsallaşma teorisiStratejik insan kaynakları gelişim uygulamalarıTürkiyeHD276.2.T87 O93 2007International business enterprises. -- Turkey.Multinational companies.Doctoral Thesis