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Yayın The 2007 Parliamentary elections in Turkey: Between securitisation and desecuritisation(Oxford Univ Press, 2009-01) Karakaya Polat, RabiaOn 22 July 2007, 84% of the Turkish public went to polling stations to cast their votes in General Election. The incumbent Justice and Development Party (AKP) won a landslide victory, receiving 47% of the vote, the largest share since the elections of 1957. The political debate before the elections focused on two issues: the election of the next president and a potential military incursion into Northern Iraq. These issues have become deeply ingrained into the two main ongoing salient issues in Turkey: political Islam and the Kurdish issue. Drawing upon concepts from Securitisation Theory, this article argues that the election results can be explained by reference to Turkey's longstanding regime problems and the perceptions of these problems by the public. An analysis of the securitisation and desecuritisation of political Islam and the Kurdish issue provides insights into the understanding of the election results and its implications for the future of democracy in Turkey.Yayın Avrupa Parlamentosu seçimleri: Göç, aşırı-sağ partiler ve Avrupa’nın ruhu(Yeni Arayış, 2024-06-06) Karakaya Polat, RabiaMayıs ayında yapılan bir araştırmaya göre seçmenler için hayat pahalılığından sonra ikinci önemli endişe kaynağı göç. Kamuoyu araştırmalarına dayanarak yapılan tahminler aynı zamanda parlamentoda popülist radikal sağ partilerin AB genelinde oy ve sandalyelerini arttıracağını ve birçok ülkede sağa doğru büyük bir kayma yaşanacağını öngörüyor.Yayın Belgrad Gözlemleri: Milliyetçilik, hafıza, göç ve çok katmanlı Osmanlı Mirası(Yeni Arayış, 2025-06-21) Karakaya Polat, RabiaSırp ulusal kimliğinin oluşumunda bir karşıtlık noktası olarak görülmüş; bu döneme ait anlatılar, Sırpların bir yabancıya karşı verdikleri mücadeleyi ulusal gururun ve özgürlüğün temeli olarak göstermiş.Yayın Biometric technology and policy narratives on migration control: the case of Turkey(Işık Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2024-04-30) Karakaya Polat, RabiaThis paper analyses policy narratives on the use of biometric technology in mobile migration vehicles as a means of surveillance and control over irregular migration. Equipped with biometric control technology and appearing in random places with high migrant concentrations, these vehicles have been put into operation as effective control and surveillance tools. Drawing upon literatures on technological control, migration governance, and interpretive policy analysis (IPA), the paper demonstrates how these vehicles are deployed not only for controlling irregular migration but also for instilling a sense of control to the general public. Comparison of these mobile migration points to the ‘Go Home Van’ campaign in the UK in 2013 reveals interesting differences in their design, function, and public perception. The paper also demonstrates how new technologies enable governments to combine ‘softer’ and ‘more subtle’ approaches in migration control with more coercive measures such as detention and deportation.Yayın Birleşik Krallık genel seçimlerinde göç tartışmaları(Yeni Arayış, 2024-07-02) Karakaya Polat, RabiaBaşbakan Sunak, Muhafazakâr seçmenlerin Nigel Farage liderliğindeki Reform UK partisine geçmesini önlemek amacıyla Ruanda planını kampanyasının en üst sırasına yerleştirdi. Ancak göçmen karşıtlığı söz konusu olduğunda aşırı sağ partiler ile rekabet etmeye çalışan merkez partilerin genelde kaybettiğini görüyoruz. Ülkedeki sorunlara çözüm getirecek politikalar üretemeyen liderler için göçmen karşıtlığı en kestirme yol gibi görünebilir.Yayın Citizenship in the age of the Internet: a comparative analysis of Britain and Turkey(Routledge Journals, 2014-01-02) Karakaya Polat, Rabia; Pratchett, LawrenceThe article links the literatures on citizenship studies and electronic democracy by analyzing the extent to which theories and practices of citizenship are being transformed in the age of the Internet. Distinguishing between the different citizenship traditions of liberal-individualism and civic-republicanism, we analyze the interplay between generic technological tools and the divergent historical legacies of citizenship in Turkey and Britain. Based on our analysis of governmental portals, main e-government applications, and censorship and surveillance practices, we argue that new information and communication technologies (ICTs) serve the states' interests by enabling increased surveillance capabilities, more efficient bureaucracy, better border controls and criminal investigations. In both countries, citizens benefit from electronic service-delivery applications primarily as consumers of public services, while their role as citizens are not particularly enhanced. Parallel to these convergence tendencies, we observe striking differences in the way electronic citizenship is practiced in these two countries, stemming from different traditions of citizenship as well as different levels of democracy consolidation. Despite some of the transformative power of the ICTs, their use is largely shaped by the existing understandings of citizenship in both countries.Yayın Cumhuriyet üzerine: Özgürlük ve aklın izinde(Yeni Arayış, 2025-10-30) Karakaya Polat, RabiaFloransa’nın sanatla yücelttiği insan aklı, Venedik’in kurumsal dengelerle koruduğu kamusal erdem, Atatürk’ün Cumhuriyeti’nde birleşti. Cumhuriyet, yalnızca geçmişin bir kazanımı değil, aklın, özgürlüğün ve estetiğin bir arada var olabildiği bir yaşam biçimidir. Bugün, o idealleri yeniden hatırlamak; sanatı, bilimi ve eleştiriyi yeniden özgürleştirmek, bu topraklarda Cumhuriyet’i gerçekten yaşatmanın tek yoludur.Yayın Digital exclusion in Turkey: A policy perspective(Elsevier Inc, 2012-10) Karakaya Polat, RabiaThis article explores the patterns of the digital divide in Turkey and analyzes policies related to this issue. Our analysis reveals that the digital disparities are interwoven with other social inequalities. This finding is parallel to the conclusions of previous research which suggests that digital exclusion can have a 'reinforcing' effect on social and/or economic inequalities. Having considered the current range of policies targeting either ICT access or skills, we argue that techno-centric solutions with huge budgets occupy the policy agenda at the expense of more sophisticated programs that take into account the social context of digital exclusion. These policies fail to address the most disadvantaged groups. Those who are old, disabled, female and reside in rural areas are less likely to be internet users and existing policies do not reach out to these groups.Yayın E-citizenship: reconstructing the public online(Policy Press, 2009-01-01) Karakaya Polat, Rabia; Pratchett, Lawrence[No abstract available]Yayın Eurovizyon’dan İntervizyon’a: Kültürle kurulan siyaset(Yeni Arayış, 2025-10-19) Karakaya Polat, RabiaTürkiye’nin kültürel söyleminde de bu “koruma” dili giderek belirginleşiyor. Eurovizyon’dan çekilme kararından bu yana “Batı’nın ahlaki çöküşü” anlatısı sıkça tekrarlanıyor; kültürel üretimde “aile”, “milli değerler” ve “gelenek” temaları merkezde yer alıyor. TRT dizilerinden RTÜK kararlarına kadar birçok alanda, kültürel çeşitliliğin yerine “değer birliği” vurgusu öne çıkıyor.Yayın From conflict to cooperation: Desecuritization of Turkey's relations with Syria and Iran(Sage Publications Ltd, 2008-10) Aras, Bülent; Karakaya Polat, RabiaIn recent years, there has been a notable softening in Turkey's foreign policy toward Syria and Iran. How might we explain the change in Turkey's attitude toward these two countries considering the hostile relations of the 1990s and the worsening security situation in the Middle East? Drawing upon securitization theory, this article argues that domestic problems have influenced Turkey's foreign policy toward Iran and Syria in the past, as foreign policymakers have successfully externalized the sources of political Islam and Kurdish separatism. The remarkable softening of Turkey's foreign policy toward Syria and Iran since the beginning of the present decade can best be explained by looking at changes at the domestic level, particularly in terms of the process of desecuritization currently taking place within Turkey. Among other things, this process of desecuritization is the result of the European Union accession process and concomitant steps toward democratization, a transformation of the political landscape, and the appropriation of EU norms and principles in regional politics. Within this process of desecuritization and democratization, formerly securitized and dramatized issues have begun to be perceived as normal political issues. As a result, the policymaking process is now emancipated from ideational barriers, while there has been a substantial increase in the flexibility of foreign policy attitudes and the ability of foreign policymakers to maneuver in regional policy.Yayın \"Her şey kontrol altında\": Mobil göç noktaları ve yerel seçimler yaklaşırken göç yönetimi(Yeni Arayış, 2024-03-28) Karakaya Polat, RabiaMobil göç noktaları uygulamasıyla desteklenen 'her şey kontrolümüz altında' anlatısı toplumda bir ‘güven’ duygusu yaratmaya çalışıyor. Son zamanlarda derinleşen ekonomik krizin de etkisiyle yükselen göçmen karşıtlığı bağlamında kamuoyuna bu güven duygusunun verilmesi hükümet için çok önemli.Yayın How do local actors interpret, enact and contest policy? An analysis of local government responses to meeting the needs of Syrian refugees in Turkey(Routledge, 2022-05-04) Lowndes, Vivien; Karakaya Polat, RabiaAlthough 98% of Turkey’s 3.6 million Syrian refugees live outside camps, municipalities lack formal authority to initiate policies, while receiving no government funding for refugees. Drawing on interpretive policy analysis (IPA), the article unpacks the empirical puzzle of how formally weak local governments respond to refugee needs. IPA expects policy to be constituted through diverse sets of local meanings. Case studies in three districts in Istanbul revealed distinctive local narratives, some of which consolidated the national agenda of ‘hospitality’ while others focused on equal rights and integration. Municipal narratives reflected particular local contexts, selectively mobilizing deeper governing traditions. Local interpretations were enacted in specific approaches to refugee service delivery. Working with local NGOs, municipalities accessed international funds, despite national government’s vociferous critique of EU refugee policy. Even in an increasingly authoritarian setting, refugee policy was being constituted through multiple and contingent processes of local government interpretation.Yayın How does multi-level governance create capacity to address refugee needs, and with what limitations? an analysis of municipal responses to Syrian refugees in Istanbul(Oxford University Press, 2022-03) Karakaya Polat, Rabia; Lowndes, VivienA multi-level governance (MLG) framework is used to investigate how municipalities in Turkey have coped with the arrival of 3.6 million Syrians amid limited resources, an ambiguous legal framework, and changing national policy priorities. Qualitative research in Istanbul, which hosts the largest number of refugees, shows how municipalities have generated capacity by working with actors at other governance levels and in non-governmental spaces, via formal and informal networks. MLG arrangements did not however imply the retreat of a powerful central state. Rather, they were decisively influenced by existing power relations and governing traditions, specifically a strong state, weak local government, and mistrust of civil society. The research illuminates the complex, and sometimes surprising, relationships between tiers and spheres of governance in shaping local responses to refugee needs. The research demonstrates the explanatory power of MLG in a highly centralized unitary state, outside of the democratic (and mostly federal) contexts where it is usually applied.Yayın How far away from politics of fear? Turkey in the EU accession process(Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, 2010) Karakaya Polat, Rabia[No abstract available]Yayın İmamoğlu’nun X hesabının kapatılmasının ardından: Özgürlük veya denetim alanı olarak Sosyal Medya(Yeni Arayış, 2025-05-14) Karakaya Polat, Rabia8 Mayıs’ta İmamoğlu’nun X (eski Twitter) hesaplarının kapatılması ise, Türkiye’de dijital alanların devlet kontrolüne açılması yönündeki endişeleri yeniden gündeme taşıdı.Yayın The internet and democratic local governance: the context of Britain(Elsevier Science, 2005-06) Karakaya Polat, RabiaThis article seeks to explore the role of the Internet in enhancing democratic local governance. The article suggests that the unique role of elected local authorities is under threat both because of declining levels of citizen participation as well as the transformation of the structure of local government into a system of local governance. In this context, local government can use the Internet to enhance its relations with citizens and to protect its unique position in the broad governance structure. The Internet enables the local authorities to open new channels of participation and actively encourages citizens to use these channels to participate. However, the Internet is not being exploited to its full potential. Likewise, not all authorities are benefiting from the Internet to the same extent. The article suggests that there are variations between local authorities and attempts to explain this variation drawing on concepts from new institutional theory and empirical evidence collected at three local authorities in Britain.Yayın The internet and political participation : exploring the explanatory links(Sage Publications Ltd, 2005-12) Karakaya Polat, RabiaThere is a growing literature exploring the role of the Internet in influencing levels and styles of political participation. However, it is not yet clear why the Internet is perceived as a medium that can, at least potentially, increase participation. Moreover, putting the emphasis on the Internet as a technology rather than on its information and communication capabilities signals a tendency for technological determinism. In order to avoid this, the article explores the relation between the Internet and political participation by examining three different facets of the Internet: the Internet as an information source, as a communication medium and as a virtual public sphere. The main argument of the article is that it is these facets of the Internet that may affect levels and styles of political participation and hence are of interest for political scientists. The article also emphasizes the relevance of established theories of participation within political science in evaluating the potential role of the Internet for affecting levels and styles of political participation.Yayın The Internet Local Participation and Democracy An Institutionalist Approach(LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2010) Karakaya Polat, Rabia[No abstract available]
