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Fusing multiple W states simultaneously with a Fredkin gate
(American Physical Society, 2014-04-14) Özaydın, Fatih; Buğu, Sinan; Yeşilyurt, Can; Altıntaş, Azmi Ali; Tame, Mark; Kaya Özdemir, Şahin
We propose an optical scheme to prepare large-scale entangled networks of W states. The scheme works by simultaneously fusing three polarization-encoded W states of arbitrary size via accessing only one qubit of each W state. It is composed of a Fredkin gate (controlled-swap gate), two fusion gates [as proposed in S. K. Ozdemir et al., New J. Phys. 13, 103003 (2011)], and an H-polarized ancilla photon. Starting with three n-qubit W states, the scheme prepares a new W state with 3(n - 1) qubits after postselection if both fusion gates operate successfully, i.e., a fourfold coincidence at the detectors. The proposed scheme reduces the cost of creating arbitrarily large W states considerably when compared to previously reported schemes.