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Yayın Anti-imperialism and Kemalism in Turkey's long sixties: Mahir Çayan's theory of revolution in context(Brill Academic Publishers, 2021-12) Ülker, ErolThis article aims to reassess the evolution of Mahir Çayan's theory of uninterrupted revolution in the context of the radical ideological currents of the long sixties in Turkey. It concentrates on Çayan's relations with the National Democratic Revolution (Milli Demokratik Devrim, MDD) movement that enjoyed a considerable degree of political and ideological authority over the youth movements starting in the second half of the 1960s. The article discusses how Çayan interpreted and attempted to revise the theory of national democratic revolution by reference to the changing characteristics of imperialism and colonial domination. Consideration is given to Çayan's critical approach towards the role of Kemalists in the anti-imperialist bloc to be formed.Yayın The political incorporation of labor in Turkey: tracing the origins of a nationalist path(Cambridge University Press, 2021-09-13) Apaydın, Fulya; Ülker, ErolThis study makes an important contribution to the literature on labor incorporation in developing areas based on existing historiography and archival material from Turkey. Specifically, we argue that the political incorporation of labor during the early period of state building is strongly influenced by elite preferences over who constitutes the nation. In doing so, we address a neglected dimension by putting the emphasis on ethnoreligious politics: the founders of modern Turkey pushed for a homogenizing program that prioritized Muslim-Turks over other minority groups, eventually paving the way to the state-led incorporation of labor. This is different from the experience of most Latin American countries that the existing literature draws on. Our findings make an important contribution to theoretical debates by highlighting the subtle link between nation-building and the pathways of labor incorporation in developing contexts.Yayın When do workers support executive aggrandizement? Lessons from the recent Turkish experience(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022-03) Apaydın, Fulya; Öngel, Ferit Serkan; Schmid, Jonas W.; Ülker, ErolFollowing the 2017 constitutional referendum under the Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi (Justice and Development Party-AKP) rule in Turkey, the reforms granted judicial and legislative powers to the head of the executive under a presidential system. Initial observations reveal that some blue-collar workers who are members of a historically progressive union have also supported these reforms. This is surprising because the union leadership has publicly opposed these changes. What explains this discrepancy? Why did some of these workers support reforms in favour of a powerful executive? Based on a sample from a major metalworking union, this paper finds that partisan identity moderates support for AKP's push for challenging the separation of powers. Although we find that higher amount of debt may reduce worker support for stronger executive, this is conditional on the metal workers' pre-existing partisan commitments. Under these circumstances, highly indebted partisan workers do not diverge from the party line. These results also raise further questions for students of labour and regime change elsewhere in the developing world.
