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Yayın Türkiye’s resolution process and its endeavor to be a regional power: prospects and constraints(Ortadoğu Araştırmaları Derneği, 2023-12-07) Kayhan Pusane, ÖzlemScholars have examined Türkiye’s Kurdish resolution or peace process (2013-2015) from various perspectives. While some works have pursued a rational choice approach and focused on the Justice and Development Party’s (AK Party’s) government’s strategic calculations vis-à-vis the PKK in initiating a peace process and maintaining it until 2015, others have analyzed Türkiye’s experience within the framework of the confict resolution scholarship. Instead, this paper’s starting point is that the 2013-2015 resolution process was not merely a policy to end an internal conflict. Still, it constituted a key aspect of the AK Party’s ongoing endeavor to turn Türkiye into a regional power. This paper places the 2013-2015 resolution process within the framework of regional and global dynamics and argues that from the mid-2000s onwards, the AK Party’s government’s eforts to put an end to the PKK terrorism and resolve the Kurdish question in Türkiye refected the policy of a middle-power country, i.e., Türkiye, to increase its power and infuence in the region instead of a mere domestic peace process. Thus, the end of the resolution process in 2015 constrained Türkiye’s potential achievements in the Middle East and beyond.Yayın Turkey’s emerging dichotomy between Erbil and Sulaimaniyah, Iraqi Development Road project and the fight against the PKK(Işık Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2024-04-30) Kayhan Pusane, ÖzlemThe vast literature on Turkish foreign policy has long discussed Turkish policymakers’ policy preferences and initiatives vis-à-vis the Iraqi Kurds without making much of a distinction among various Iraqi Kurdish actors. Although Turkish political leaders built closer relations with certain Iraqi Kurdish actors than others from time to time, there has not been a major policy variation toward different political actors of Iraqi Kurdish politics until recently. However, especially from the 2017 Iraqi Kurdish independence referendum onwards, it has been possible to observe an increasing level of divergence between Turkey’s attitude and discourse vis-à-vis the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), two major political parties of the Iraqi Kurdish politics. While Turkey’s cooperation with the KDP in the struggle against the PKK has significantly increased in the past few years, Turkish officials’ uneasiness regarding the PUK ties with the outlawed Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) and the People’s Protection Units (YPG) has been more and more apparent. This paper provides an account of Turkey’s changing attitude and discourse about the KDP and the PUK since 2017 within the context of the ongoing discussions about the Iraqi Dry Canal/Development Road project as well as Turkey’s fight against the PKK.
