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Yayın Iterative channel estimation approach for space-time/frequency coded OFDM systems with transmitter diversity(Assoc Elettrotecnica Ed Elettronica Italiana, 2004-06) Çırpan, Hakan Ali; Panayırcı, Erdal; Doğan, HakanFocusing on transmit diversity orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission through frequency selective channels, this paper pursues novel iterative channel estimation approaches for both space-frequency OFDM (SF-OFDM) and space-time OFDM (ST-OFDM) systems. Relying on the unifying signal model for SF-OFDM and ST-OFDM transmitter diversity systems, we develop computationally efficient, maximum a posteriori (MAP) channel estimation algorithms according to the MAP criterion. The algorithms require a convenient representation of the discrete multipath fading channel based on the Karhunen-Loeve (KL) orthogonal expansion and estimates the complex channel parameters of each subcarriers iteratively using the expectation-maximisation (EM) method. In order to explore the performance, the closed-form expression for the average symbol error rate (SER) probability is derived for the maximum ratio combiner (MRC). Furthermore, to benchmark performance of the MAP channel estimator, the modified Cramer-Rao bound of channel estimates is also derived. Finally, we provide simulation results studying the influence of delay spread, propagation parameters and modelling mismatch on the performance of channel estimation techniques. Simulation results confirm our theoretical analysis and illustrate that the proposed algorithms are capable of tracking fast fading and improving overall performance.Yayın Linear expansions for frequency selective channels in OFDM(Elsevier GMBH, 2006) Şenol, Habib; Çırpan, Hakan Ali; Panayırcı, ErdalModeling the frequency selective fading channels as random processes, we employ a linear expansion based on the Karhumen-Loeve (KL) series representation involving a complete set of orthogonal deterministic vectors with a corresponding uncorrelated random coefficients. Focusing on OFDM transmissions through frequency selective fading, this paper pursues a computationally efficient, pilot-aided linear minimum mean square error (MMSE) uncorrelated KL series expansion coefficients estimation algorithm. Based on such an expansion, no matrix inversion is required in the proposed MMSE estimator. Moreover, truncation in the linear expansion of channel is achieved by exploiting the optimal truncation property of the KL expansion resulting in a smaller computational load on the estimation algorithm. The performance of the proposed approach is studied through analytical and experimental results. We first exploit the performance of the MMSE channel estimator based on the evaluation of minimum Bayesian MSE. We also provide performance analysis results studying the influence of the effect of SNR and correlation mismatch on the estimator performance. Simulation results confirm our theoretical results and illustrate that the proposed algorithm is capable of tracking fast fading and improving performance.Yayın Sequence estimation with transmit diversity for wireless communications(Urban & Fischer Verlag, 2003) Panayırcı, Erdal; Aygölü, Hasan Ümit; Pusane, Ali EmreIn this paper, an optimum sequence estimation algorithm for wireless systems with Alamouti's two transmitter diversity in the presence of multipath fading is proposed. The algorithm is based on a jointly iterative channel and sequence estimation according to the maximum likelihood (ML) criterion, using the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm employing an M-level phase-shift keying (M-PSK) modulation scheme with additive Gaussian noise. The discrete multipath channel is represented in terms of the channel gains from each transmit antenna to the receive antenna. EM algorithm estimates jointly the complex channel parameters of each channel and the data sequence transmitted, iteratively, which converges to the true ML solution. The channel estimation is achieved in a simple way through the iterative equations by decoupling of the signals transmitted from different antennas. The algorithm is applied to the trellis coded modulation systems and the efficiency of the algorithm proposed has been shown with computer simulations. The simulation results show that the EM algorithm converges quickly for fast fading channels. The performance of the EM-based decoder approaches that of the ML receiver which has perfect knowledge of the channel.Yayın Joint channel tracking and symbol detection for OFDM systems with Kalman filtering(Urban & Fischer Verlag, 2003) Şen, Adnan; Çırpan, Hakan Ali; Panayırcı, ErdalThis paper proposes a new joint channel tracking and symbol detection scheme for pilot symbol-assisted OFDM systems in multipath fading. The proposed scheme uses Kalman filters for both channel tracking and subsequent equalization which are combined in the coupled estimator structure. Modelling the multipath fading channel as random processes to describe channel variations in a general AR framework lends itself to a state-space representation that enables the application of Kalman filtering for the tracking of channel variations. However, the proposed tracking algorithm requires knowledge of the transmitted symbols. This implies that an iterative method should be sought to obtain alternatively either channel or transmitted symbols. To compose the coupled estimator structure, a linear Kalman filter equalizer with the corresponding state-space model is therefore proposed for the detection of transmitted symbols. With the proposed Kalman filters, iterative structure is utilized to decode transmitted symbols and subsequently to track channel parameters. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is investigated through the experimental results.Yayın Feature extraction in shape recognition using segmentation of the boundary curve(Elsevier Science BV, 1997-10) Özuğur, Timuçin; Denizhan, Yağmur; Panayırcı, ErdalWe present a new method for feature extraction of two-dimensional shape information based on segmentation of the boundary curve. This approach partitions closed shapes into segments and finds their angular spans. The number of segments and the angular spans form the first two feature parameters of a given shape. Fourier coefficients of all segments constitute the final feature parameters. The algorithm renders the shapes independent of scale, rotation and translation, The main advantage of this method is to speed up substantially the recognition process of the shapes, mainly because it is possible to design the classification rule in a hierarchical way. It is therefore suitable for objects to be sorted in a factory environment where the silhouette boundary supplies sufficient information for identification.Yayın Design and performance analysis of a novel trellis coded space-time-frequency OFDM transmission scheme(Wiley-Blackwell, 2008-01) Oğuz, Onur; Aygölü, Hasan Ümit; Panayırcı, ErdalIn this paper a new transmit diversity technique is proposed for wireless communications over frequency selective fading channels. The proposed technique utilises orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) to transform a frequency selective fading channel into multiple flat fading subchannels on which first space-frequency coding and then additional space-time coding are applied resulting in a space-time-frequency OFDM (STF-OFDM) scheme. This scheme provides a quasi-orthogonal 4 x 4 transmission matrix but relax the constraint on channel fading parameters to be constant over four time or frequency slots into two time and two frequency slots. The pairwise error probability of the new scheme is evaluated and new code design criteria are obtained to improve the error performance. 64-, 128- and 256-state 4-PSK trellis codes for STF transmission scheme are generated based on these criteria and their frame error performances in an OFDM system are evaluated by computer simulations.
