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Yayın EEG signal compression based on classified signature and envelope vector sets(Wiley, 2009-03) Gürkan, Hakan; Güz, Ümit; Yarman, Bekir Sıddık BinboğaIn this paper, a novel method to compress electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is proposed. The proposed method is based on the generation process of the classified signature and envelope vector sets (CSEVS), which employs an effective k-means clustering algorithm. It is assumed that both the transmitter and the receiver units have the same CSEVS. In this work, on a frame basis, EEG signals are modeled by multiplying only three factors called as classified signature vector, classified envelope vector, and gain coefficient (GC), respectively. In other words, every frame of an EEG signal is represented by two indices R and K of CSEVS and the GC. EEG signals are reconstructed frame by frame using these numbers in the receiver unit by employing the CSEVS. The proposed method is evaluated by using some evaluation metrics that are commonly used in this area such as root-mean-square error, percentage root-mean-square difference, and measuring with visual inspection. The performance of the proposed method is also compared with the other methods. It is observed that the proposed method achieves high compression ratios with low-level reconstruction error while preserving diagnostic information in the reconstructed EEG signal.Yayın On numerical design technique of wideband microwave amplifiers based on GaN small-signal device model(Springer, 2014-10) Köprü, Ramazan; Kuntman, Hulusi Hakan; Yarman, Bekir Sıddık BinboğaThis work presents an application of Normalized Gain Function (NGF) method to the design of linear wideband microwave amplifiers based on small-signal model of a device. NGF has been originally developed to be used together with an S-parameter (*.s2p) file, whereas this work enables the NGF to be able to work with explicit S-parameter formulae derived from the small-signal model of the device. This approach provides the designer to be able to use simple set of S-parameter equations instead of S-parameter file of the device. Representation of the device simply by several model equations not only eliminates the need of carrying large number of data but also provides the capability of equation-based easy, realistic and equispaced S-parameter data generation in any desired resolution in frequency axis without requiring interpolation. NGF is defined as the ratio of T and |S-21|(2), i.e. T-N = T/|S-21|(2), gain function of the amplifier to be designed and transistor forward gain function, respectively. Synthesis of output/input matching networks (OMN/IMN) of the amplifier requires two target gain functions in terms of T-N, to be used in two sequential non-linear optimization procedures, respectively. An amplifier with a flat gain of similar to 10 dB operating in 0.8-2.35 GHz is designed using a small-signal model of an experimental GaN-HEMT. Theoretical amplifier performance obtained in Matlab is shown to be in excellent agreement with the simulated performance in MWO (Microwave Office, AWR Inc.). A prototype low-power amplifier having a similar to 10 to 12 dB gain, operating in (0.9-1.5 GHz) is also produced and measured which yielded good performance results.Yayın High precision synthesis of a richards immittance via parametric approach(IEEE-INST Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2014-04) Yarman, Bekir Sıddık Binboğa; Köprü, Ramazan; Kumar, Narendra G.; Prakash, ChackoA Richards immitance is a positive real function expressed in terms of the Richards variable lambda = tanh(pT) = Sigma + j Omega where p = sigma + j omega is the classical complex frequency. A Richards immittance can be synthesized as a lossless two port terminated in a resistance as in Darlington's synthesis such that the two- port consists of commensurate transmission lines. In this paper, a high precision method is presented to synthesize a Richards immittance as a lossless two- port constructed with cascade connections of equal length transmission lines, as well as short and open stubs. The new method of synthesis utilizes Bode procedure ( or Parametric Method) to correct an immitance function specified in the complex Richards variable lambda at each step of the synthesis. It is verified that new technique can synthesize a randomly generated Richards immitate function yielding 25 commensurate lines with the accumulated numerical error less than 10(-3.) A complete synthesis package is developed in MatLab and successfully integrated with the Real Frequency Technique to design broadband matching networks. Examples are presented to show the merits of the new Richards synthesis tool.Yayın Computer aided darlington synthesis of an all purpose immittance function(Istanbul University, 2016) Yarman, Bekir Sıddık Binboğa; Aksen, Ahmet; Köprü, Ramazan; Kumar, Narendra Senthil; Aydın, Çağatay; Atilla, Doğu Çağdaş; Chacko, PrakashThis work is the continuation of our high precision immittance synthesis paper series introduced in IEEE TCAS-I. In the present manuscript, we modified the previously introduced high precision Bandpass LC-ladder synthesis algorithm to include the extraction of finite frequency and right half plane (RHP) transmission zeros of an impedance function as Brune/Darlington Type-C sections. Finite frequency and RHP transmission zeros are extracted employing our newly introduced modified impedance and chain parameters based algorithms one by one. After each transmission zero extraction, remaining immittance function is corrected using parametric approach. It is shown that propsed high precision synthesis algorithms can synthesize immittance functions up to 40 reactive elements with accumulated relative error in the order of 10- 1 . The modified high precision synthesis package is developed in MatLab environment and it is integrated with the real frequency techniques to design matching networks over broadbands. Examples are presented to exhibit the usage of the newly proposed high precision synthesis algorithms.Yayın A design technique of 50 Ω terminated bandpass matching network and its implementation to a Y-shaped monopole antenna matching(Springer, 2016-12) Aydın, Çağatay; Atilla, Doğu Çağdaş; Köprü, Ramazan; Kılınç, Sedat; Karakuş, Cahit; Yarman, Bekir Sıddık BinboğaIn this paper, a 50 Ω terminated or in other words transformerless bandpass matching network design methodology and an implementation example are presented. The real frequency techniques are powerful numerical methods to design wideband lossless two-port networks such as filters, matching networks and amplifiers. In these techniques, the value of the termination resistance of the designed network could not be yielded as 50 Ω by numerical package. Hence, a transformer is also required for 50 Ω termination which is not practical for high frequency applications. By employing the proposed procedure, it is guaranteed to obtain transformerless bandpass matching network. Also in this study a wideband suspended monopole antenna is examined. The proposed antenna consists of two major elements; Y-shaped impedance matching plate and hemi-circular radiator. Moreover Y-shaped impedance matching plate connected to a feeding probe excites the suspended hemi-circular radiator via air gap. Consequently, a transformerless bandpass matching network is designed to filter and expand the operational frequency bandwidth of the proposed antenna. It has been observed that ideal circuit and the layout of the matching network simulation have good agreement.Yayın Design of multiband matching ladders without mutual coupling using parametric representation of Brune functions(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2020-10-01) Yıldız, Serkan; Aksen, Ahmet; Yarman, Bekir Sıddık BinboğaIn this study, a semianalytical method for the design of mutual coupling free multiband matching networks is introduced. A new parametric representation of Brune functions is used for the construction of multiband ladder network topologies without mutual induction. The method involves the use of Fujisawa's constraints for low pass ladders having finite transmission zeros, in a parametric representation of driving point impedance function resulting in mutual inductance free Brune sections. The developed parametric representation is incorporated with Real Frequency Techniques to design matching networks with a plurality of pass bands. Several illustrative design examples are presented to validate the method.Yayın An eclectic approach to design tunable amplifiers(Wiley-Blackwell, 2013-07) Nesimoğlu, Tayfun; Aydın, Çağatay; Atilla, Doğu Çağdaş; Köprü, Ramazan; Yarman, Bekir Sıddık BinboğaBroadband amplifiers that can accommodate commercial communication standards such as GSM, UMTS, Wi-Fi, and Wi-Max are extremely important for radio equipment manufacturers. To achieve this coverage, the amplifier should provide high gain and efficiency over a band from 800 to 5200 MHz. Although there are transistor devices that have cut-off frequencies well over these frequencies, amplifiers covering such a broad-bandwidth are difficult to design due to the requirement of broadband matching networks. In this work, design of broadband tunable matching networks is investigated using Real Frequency Direct Computational Technique (RF-DCT). In order to be able to work on sample structures, impedance transforming filters are chosen and a broadband tunable matching network has been designed. Implementation of tunable inductors is investigated and the performance of a tunable matching network using tunable inductors and capacitors is demonstrated. Eventually a broadband frequency tunable amplifier has been designed using the tunable inductor concept.Yayın Immitance data modelling via linear interpolation techniques: a classical circuit theory approach(Wiley-Blackwell, 2004-11) Yarman, Bekir Sıddık Binboğa; Kılınç, Ali; Aksen, AhmetWith the advancement of the manufacturing technologies to produce new generation analog/digital communication systems, immitance data modelling has gained renewed importance in the literature. Specifically, models are utilized for behaviour characterization, simulation of physical devices or to design sub-systems with active and passive solid-state devices. Therefore, in this paper, new computer aided tools are presented to model one port immitance data by means of linear interpolation techniques. The basic philosophy of the new modelling tools is based on the numerical decomposition of the immitance data into its minimum and Foster parts. Computer algorithms are presented to model the minimum and the Foster parts of the given immitance data. Implementations of these algorithms are exhibited by means of examples. Depending on the application, modelling tools based on linear interpolation techniques may present 'computational and practical' advantages over the existing interpolation techniques, non-linear curve fittings or regression methods. It is expected that the new modelling tools will be utilized to provide initial circuit topologies to the commercially available analysis/simulation and design packages.Yayın Ultra wideband matching network design for a V-shaped square planar monopole antenna(Cambridge University Press, 2014-12) Köprü, Ramazan; Kılınç, Sedat; Aydın, Çağatay; Atilla, Doğu Çağdaş; Karakuş, Cahit; Yarman, Bekir Sıddık BinboğaIn this paper, design, manufacture, and measurement of a wideband matching network for a broadband V-shaped square planar monopole antenna (V-SPMA) is presented. Matching network design is unavoidable in most cases even vital to facilitate a maximally flat power transfer gain for an antenna. In the work, a bandpass matching network (BPMN) design is done for a particular square monopole antenna with V-shaped coupling element that has essentially bandwidth increasing effect. Designed BPMN and the antenna forms a VSPMA-BPMN matched antenna structure. "real frequency technique" is employed in the BPMN design. BPMN prototype circuit has been constructed on an FR4 laminate with commercial microwave chip inductors and capacitors. Vector network analyzer gain and reflectance measurements of the matched antenna structure have shown highly compatible results to those of the theoretical design simulations along the passband (similar to 0.8-4.7 GHz). Furthermore, newly proposed distributed capacitor-resistor lossy model for microstrip lines used in the BPMN circuit have exhibited that it can successfully mimic the measured gain and reflectance performance of the matched structure in passband and even in stopband upto 8 GHz. Designed structure can be utilized as a one single wideband broadcasting medium suitable for many communication standards such as GSM, 3G, and Wi-Fi.Yayın A computer-aided design technique for lossless matching networks with mixed, lumped and distributed elements(Elsevier GMBH, 2004) Sertbaş, Ahmet; Yarman, Bekir Sıddık BinboğaA computer-aided method for the design of lossless broadband matching networks with lumped elements and commensurate transmission lines is presented. ne method is based on combining the simplifield real frequency technique with the algebraic network decomposition by Fettweis. To show the application of the Computer-Aided Design (CAD) approach, an UHF antenna matching problem is solved.
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