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Yayın The effect of the interaction between autistic traits and psychotic proneness on empathy: a cross-sectional study with a non-clinical sample(Emerald Publishing, 2023-11-08) Yıldırım, ElifPurpose: Recent evidence indicates an improving effect of the co-occurrence of autistic traits and psychotic symptoms on social cognition, but there is no agreement on the effect of the interaction between autistic traits and psychotic proneness on empathy. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the interaction between autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences on cognitive and affective empathy. Design/methodology/approach: The sample consisted of 420 adults aged between 18 and 60. Assessments were administered anonymously online. Empathic abilities were evaluated by the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). While Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) was applied to measure autistic traits, The Community Assessment of Psychic Experience (CAPE) was used as a measurement of positive psychotic experiences. Findings: A series of regression analyses showed that although AQ and CAPE scores were not correlated with cognitive-IRI, the interaction between these scores predicted cognitive-IRI scores. It was found that the personal distress subscale of IRI was significantly associated with AQ, but this relationship was moderated by CAPE scores. Originality/value: These findings provide a different perspective on understanding social cognitive impairments in autism, which may have potential clinical implications. Findings also contribute to explaining the individual differences in empathic abilities.Yayın Ev kadınlarında tükenmişlik ve somatizasyon: depresyonun yordayıcıları(Cyprus Mental Health Institute, 2022-03-09) Karaköse, Selin; Ulusoy, Ayşe NehirÖncül belirtilerinden biri somatik semptomlar olan depresyonun, evli ve çalışmayan kadınlarda daha yaygın görüldüğü bilinmektedir. Ev kadınlarında depresyon araştırmacıların sıklıkla üzerinde çalıştığı bir konu olsa da, alan yazına son yıllarda kazandırılan ve depresyonun yordayıcılarından biri olan tükenmişlik kavramı, somatizasyon ile birlikte henüz ev kadınlarında araştırılmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ev kadınlarında tükenmişlik ve somatizasyonun depresyon üzerindekini rolünü araştırmaktır. Kesitsel ve ilişkisel araştırma modeli ile yürütülen bu çalışmaya Türkiye’de yaşayan, evli ve çalışmayan, 20-65 yaş arasında (Ort. =41.74, SS=11.09) 388 kadın katılmıştır. Sosyo-Demografik Bilgi ve Veri Formuna ek olarak, Ev Hanımlarında Tükenmişlik Ölçeği (EHTÖ), Kısa Semptom Envanteri-Somatizasyon alt boyutu (SCL-90-SOMA) ve Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği (DASS-21)- Depresyon alt boyutunu içeren anket bataryası katılımcılara çevrimiçi olaraksunulmuştur. Hiyerarşik çoklu regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, yaş, çocuk sayısı ve psikiyatrik tanı kontrol edildiğinde,tükenmişlik ve somatizasyon depresyonu pozitif yönde yordamaktadır. Elde edilen bu bulgular dahilinde, ev kadınlarında tükenmişliğe yönelik müdahale çalışmaları yapılmasının ve somatik belirtilerin depresyonun öncül sinyalleri olarak değerlendirilmesinin depresyonun klinik tablosu ile mücadelede yol göstereceği olacağı düşünülmektedir.Yayın Psychological distress of breast cancer survivors during the Covid-19 pandemic and related factors: a controlled study(KARE Publication, 2023-07) Taş, Beyza; Anuk, Dilek; Akçinar Yayla, BernaOBJECTIVE: Although the prevalence of breast cancer is high among women, survival rates are increasing. How-ever, breast cancer survivors (BCS) continue to experience various psychological problems after their treatments and are also exposed to additional stressors, such as the current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study was to examine the psychological distress and related factors (social support, intolerance of uncertainty, coping strategies) of BCS during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of breast cancer diagnosis in this process. METHODS: This study included 95 BCS and 87 healthy women. Sociodemographic Information Form and depression anxiety stress scale, social support scale, intolerance of uncertainty scale, and coping strategies short form scales were administered to the participants. T tests and regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between the variables. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of depression and anxiety, but the stress of BCS was lower than that of healthy women. In the regression analysis, the diagnosis of breast cancer was not a predictor for depression and anxiety, but it was a significant predictor for stress. Com-mon predictors of increased depression, anxiety, and stress were decreased social support, increased uncertainty intolerance, and increased emotion-focused coping. CONCLUSION: Focusing on the development of intolerance of uncertainty, social support, and problem-focused coping strategies of psychological interventions for women BCS during epidemics such as COVID-19 may reduce their psychological distress while maintaining and increasing their psychological well-being.Yayın Selective influence of dopamine on electrocortical signatures of error monitoring: a combined EEG and immersive virtual reality study in Parkinson's disease(Cold Spring Harbor Lab Press, 2022-04-14) Pezzetta, Rachele; Özkan, Duru Gün; Era, Vanessa; Tieri, Gaetano; Zabberoni, S.; Taglieri, Sara; Costa, A.; Peppe, Antonella; Caltagirone, Carmen; Aglioti, Salvatore MariaDetecting errors in ones own and others actions is likely linked to the discrepancy between intended or expected and produced or observed output. To detect and process the occurrence of salient events seems associated to the release of dopamine, the balance of which is profoundly altered in Parkinsons disease (PD). EEG studies in healthy participants indicate that the occurrence of errors in observed actions triggers a variety of electrocortical indices (like mid-frontal theta activity, error-related delta and the Error Positivity, oPe), that seem to map different aspects of error detection and performance monitoring. Whether these indices are differently modulated by dopamine in the same individual has never been investigated. To explore this issue, we recorded EEG markers of error detection by asking healthy controls (HCs) and PD patients to observe ecological reach-to-grasp a glass actions performed by a virtual arm seen in first person perspective. PD patients were tested under their dopaminergic medication ( on-condition), and after dopaminergic withdrawal ( off-condition). HCs showed a clear oPe and an increase of delta and theta power during the observation of erroneous vs. correct actions. In PD patients, oPe and delta responses were always preserved. Crucially, however, an error-related increase of theta power was found in on but not in off state PD patients. Thus, different EEG error signatures may index the activity of independent systems and error related theta power is selectively modulated by dopamine depletion. Our findings may pave the way to the discovery of dopamine-related biomarkers of higher-order motor cognition dysfunctions that may have crucial theoretical and clinical implications. Significance StatementDopaminergic neurons respond to salient events during performance monitoring. Yet, the impact of dopamine depletion on the human reactivity to observed errors is still unclear. We recorded EEG in patients with Parkinsons Disease (PD) under dopaminergic treatment ( on-condition) and medication withdrawal ( off-condition) while they observed correct and erroneous goal-related actions performed by a virtual limb. Analysis of Error Positivity (oPe) and theta and delta power increase, markers of physiological error-monitoring, indicates that while the formers were intact, the latter was preserved in the on and altered in the off condition. Thus, different EEG markers of error monitoring likely rely on independent circuits. Moreover, mid-frontal theta activity alterations may represent a marker of dopamine-related neurophysiological impairments of higher-order cognition.
