22 sonuçlar
Arama Sonuçları
Listeleniyor 1 - 10 / 22
Yayın The cerebral blood flow deficits in Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment using arterial spin labeling MRI(Springer, 2020-09) Arslan, Dilek Betül; Gürvit, İbrahim Hakan; Genç, Ozan; Kıçik, Ani; Eryürek, Kardelen; Cengiz, Sevim; Erdoğdu, Emel; Yıldırım, Zerrin; Tüfekçioğlu, Zeynep; Uluğ, Aziz Müfit; Bilgiç, Başar; Hanağası, Haşmet Ayhan; Tüzün, Erdem; Demiralp, Tamer; Öztürk Işık, EsinParkinson's disease (PD) with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) is currently diagnosed based on an arbitrarily predefined standard deviation of neuropsychological test scores, and more objective biomarkers for PD-MCI diagnosis are needed. The purpose of this study was to define possible brain perfusion-based biomarkers of not only mild cognitive impairment, but also risky gene carriers in PD using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI). Fifteen healthy controls (HC), 26 cognitively normal PD (PD-CN), and 27 PD-MCI subjects participated in this study. ASL-MRI data were acquired by signal targeting with alternating radio-frequency labeling with Look-Locker sequence at 3 T. Single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping for rs9468 [microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) H1/H1 versus H1/H2 haplotype] was performed using a Stratagene Mx3005p real-time polymerase chain-reaction system (Agilent Technologies, USA). There were 15 subjects withMAPTH1/H1 and 11 subjects withMAPTH1/H2 within PD-MCI, and 33 subjects withMAPTH1/H1 and 19 subjects withMAPTH1/H2 within all PD. Voxel-wise differences of cerebral blood flow (CBF) values between HC, PD-CN and PD-MCI were assessed by one-way analysis of variance followed by pairwise post hoc comparisons. Further, the subgroup of PD patients carrying the riskyMAPTH1/H1 haplotype was compared with noncarriers (MAPTH1/H2 haplotype) in terms of CBF by a two-samplettest. A pattern that could be summarized as "posterior hypoperfusion" (PH) differentiated the PD-MCI group from the HC group with an accuracy of 92.6% (sensitivity = 93%, specificity = 93%). Additionally, the PD patients withMAPTH1/H1 haplotype had decreased perfusion than the ones with H1/H2 haplotype at the posterior areas of the visual network (VN), default mode network (DMN), and dorsal attention network (DAN). The PH-type pattern in ASL-MRI could be employed as a biomarker of both current cognitive impairment and future cognitive decline in PD.Yayın Development of externalizing behaviors in the context of family and non-family relationships(Springer New York, 2016-02-04) Akçinar Yayla, Berna; Baydar, NazlıA longitudinal model was presented, that included reciprocal associations between physically harsh parenting by the mother, child externalizing problems, and support from the father, the extended family, and the neighbors. This transactional process was estimated for the years preceding school entry. The data were from a 4-years longitudinal and nationally representative study of 1009 children and their mothers in Turkey. The results indicated that concurrently, physically harsh parenting and child externalizing problems were strongly associated. Controlling for their within domain stability and cross-domain concurrent correlation, changes in harsh parenting and changes in child externalizing behaviors had significant reciprocal effects in early childhood, although these effects were small. These reciprocal effects were smaller for observer reported harsh parenting than maternal reports. There was a role of the mesosystem in this developmental process. Increases in the support from the father, and the extended family and the neighbors predicted declines in the child externalizing behaviors subsequently. Reciprocally, high child externalizing and maternal physically harsh parenting predicted subsequent declines in the support from these sources. These results were consistent with the hypotheses that negative mother–child relationships could spill over to the other relationships of the mothers, and that positive and supportive relationships of the mother could constitute positive role models for the child.Yayın Influence of ABCB1 polymorphisms and serum concentrations on venlafaxine response in patients with major depressive disorder(Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2017-04) Özbey, Gül; Çam Çelikel, Feryal; Cumurcu, Birgül Elbozan; Kan, Derya; Yücel, Berna; Hasbek, Ekrem; Perçin, Ferda Emriye; Güzey, İsmail Cüneyt; Uluoǧlu, CananBackground: The pharmacokinetics and the pharmacodynamics of antidepressants show large inter-individual variations which result in unpredictable clinical responses. Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the effect of ABCB1 polymorphisms and the serum concentrations on the efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: Fifty-two outpatients who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for MDD were recruited for the study. The severity of depression was assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scale (HDRS17) and tolerability was assessed based on a query regarding side-effects for 6 weeks. The ABCB1 C3435T/A and G2677T/A polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR/RFLP and steady-state serum venlafaxine concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: Patients with the TT genotype for the C3435T and the TT/TA genotype for the G2677T/A polymorphism showed significantly higher frequencies in venlafaxine-induced akathisia. This relationship was not observed for efficacy. As regards serum venlafaxine concentrations, patient groups showed no significant differences in efficacy and tolerability. Conclusion: The results suggest that individuals with the TT-TT/TA genotypes for the C3435T-G2677T/A polymorphisms of ABCB1 may be pre-disposed to a risk of akathisia.Yayın Psychological distress and anxiety among housewives: the mediational role of perceived stress, loneliness, and housewife burnout(Springer, 2023-06) Durak, Mithat; Durak, Emre Şenol; Karaköse, SelinHousewives are experiencing chronic stress when dealing with multiple roles (cooking, shopping, tidying the house) in their daily life. Although earlier studies have documented a significant link between role overload and stress-psychological well-being in the workplace, few studies have been conducted among housewives despite their high anxiety and burnout reports. The diathesis-stress model and transactional model of stress indicate that there may be somecontributory factors related to mental health. Within these frameworks, this research aimed to examine housewives' psychological distress and anxiety by focusing on three contributory factors namely housewife burnout, perceived stress, and loneliness. The present study was a novel contribution to the literature investigating the mediating roles of those three contributory factors between psychological distress and anxiety among housewives. Participants were 500 volunteer housewives between the ages of 20 and 70 from Turkey. In addition to Demographic Information Form, The Perceived Stress Scales (PSS-10), The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), The UCLA Loneliness Scale-Version 3 (UCLA LS3), The Housewives Burnout Questionnaire (CUBAC), and The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used. Results showed that there were four paths between psychological distress and anxiety in the model, explaining 31.19% of the total variance in anxiety in housewives. The relationship between psychological distress and anxiety was mediated by perceived distress, loneliness, and housewife burnout. Specifically, the higher psychological distress and higher anxiety relationship were associated with higher perceived distress, higher loneliness, and higher housewife burnout. The findings provide beneficial insight for clinicians to prioritize the abandonment of the cope with loneliness, perceived stress, and burnout while working with housewives having psychological distress and anxiety.Yayın An investigation of moral foundations theory in Turkey using different measures(Springer New York LLC, 2019-04-15) Yalçındağ, Bilge; Özkan, Türker; Cesur, Sevim; Yılmaz, Onurcan; Tepe, Beyza; Piyale, Zeynep Ecem; Biten, Ali Furkan; Sunar, Diane G.Claims of universality for Moral Foundations Theory (MFT) require extensive cross-cultural validation. The present study aims to (1) develop Turkish versions of three instruments used to research MFT (MFQ, MFQL, MSQ); (2) assess the psychometric properties of the Turkish instruments; (3) test the assumptions of the theory against findings from the instruments in Turkish culture. Three independently translated versions of the MFQ were administered to three samples totaling 1432 respondents. Results were consistent across samples. Internal reliability was satisfactory. CFA indicated a best fit for a 5-factor solution despite low fit indices and high error coefficients. EFA yielded a 3-factor solution, which did not replicate the 2-factor “individualizing” and “binding” factors found in U.S. samples. CFA and EFA with the MSQ produced 2-factor solutions which also did not align with the individualizing-binding dichotomy. Meaningful relations between the moral foundations and scores on political orientation and religiosity supported the validity of the measures in Turkish culture.Yayın Investigating the role of E-contact and self-disclosure on improving Turkish-Kurdish interethnic relations(Wiley, 2021-06) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Güvensoy, İpek; Turner, Rhiannon; White, Fiona Ann; Piyale, Zeynep EcemWhile recent research has started to pay more attention to the role of contact strategies on promoting intergroup harmony between Turkish and Kurdish communities, the effectiveness of a novel form of indirect contact strategy, E-contact—where participants engage in a cooperative and structured online interaction with an individual from the outgroup—has not yet been tested. Across two studies (NStudy 1 = 110, NStudy 2 = 176), we investigated the effects of E-contact among Turks on promoting positive attitudes and behavioral tendencies toward Kurds, testing outgroup trust and intergroup anxiety as mediators and incorporating a distinction between lower and higher self-disclosure conditions. As expected, E-contact led to more positive outgroup attitudes, as well as greater approach tendencies and decreased avoidance tendencies through increased outgroup trust (Studies 1 and 2) and reduced intergroup anxiety (Study 2). Study 2 also found that E-contact produced lower perceived interethnic conflict through increased outgroup trust. While both lower and higher personal disclosure conditions provided similar effects in the two studies, E-contact with heightened self-disclosure was especially effective at promoting more positive outgroup attitudes and reducing avoidance tendencies. Findings highlight potential benefits of using E-contact as a prejudice-reduction strategy in conflict settings.Yayın Space, time, and iconicity in Turkish sign language (TID)(Estonian Academy Publishers, 2012) Arik, EnginMuch evidence points to the conclusion that temporal concepts are drawn primarily from the conceptualization of space. Sign languages provide a particularly suitable area for observing such a relationship since they employ a three-dimensional signing space as a major building block for articulation. This paper addresses spatial and temporal language in Turkish Sign Language (TID), which has a full-fledged grammar and a natural language used by the deaf community in Turkey. It investigates descriptions of static and dynamic spatial situations and expressions of time. Results showed mismatches between the axial information in the stimuli and the use of left-right and front-back axes in the signing space. Furthermore, results also showed that the temporal language did not always correlate with the deictic use of the front-back axis. Thus, these findings suggest that temporal language may only partially be derived from spatial language.Yayın Cross-group friendships and outgroup attitudes among Turkish–Kurdish ethnic groups: does perceived interethnic conflict moderate the friendship-attitude link?(Wiley, 2017-02) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Çelebi, ElifWe investigated associations between cross-group friendships, perceived interethnic conflict, and outgroup attitudes in the context of intractable Turkish–Kurdish conflict in Turkey. Measures of cross-group friendship quantity, perceived conflict, outgroup attitudes, multiculturalism, and outgroup responsibility for conflict were completed by Turkish (N = 320) and Kurdish (N = 153) participants (Mage = 21, 156 males, 317 females). Both cross-group friendships and perceived conflict were related to outcome variables. While cross-group friendships were beneficial for both groups’ outgroup attitudes when perceived conflict was lower; when perceived conflict level was higher, positive associations between friendships and attitudes became non-significant for the Turkish group and negative for the Kurdish group. Implications of the findings for the intergroup contact theory have been discussed.Yayın An investigation of affective theory of mind ability and its relation to neuropsychological functions in Alzheimer's disease(John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2020-09) Yıldırım, Elif; Soncu Büyükişcan, Ezgi; Demirtaş Tatlıdede, Aslı; Bilgiç, Başar; Gürvit, İbrahim HakanAlthough cognitive theory of mind (ToM) has been largely studied within neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), studies focusing on affective ToM are relatively limited, yielding inconsistent findings. The current study aimed at investigating affective ToM abilities within different stages of AD (mild AD dementia [ADD], mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and subjective cognitive impairment [SCI]), together with its relationship with neuropsychological functioning. Eighty-one participants were tested with two different ToM tasks (Faux Pas Recognition Test [FPR] and Reading Mind in the Eyes Test [RMET]) and tests of attention, executive functions, episodic memory, and facial recognition. Our results showed two different affective ToM profiles in AD continuum: while ADD group performed poorly on both tasks of ToM, MCI group displayed deteriorated performance on RMET but not on FPR. In addition, ToM performance was significantly related to episodic memory and verbal fluency within the overall sample. These findings suggest that impairment in the decoding process of emotional cues could begin even in the prodromal stage of AD. In contrast, the reasoning process of emotional information, as measured with FPR, could be preserved until the dementia stage. Moreover, the relation of affective ToM with amnestic functions and verbal abilities could provide evidence of a domain-general ToM impairment in AD.Yayın Diffusion tensor imaging findings in children with sluggish cognitive tempo comorbid Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2020-06-16) Ünsel Bolat, Gül; Baytunca, Muharrem Burak; Kardaş, Burcu; İpçi, Melis; İnci İzmir, Sevim Berrin; Özyurt, Onur; Çallı, Mehmet Cem; Ercan, Eyüp SabriObjective: The construct of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) is characterized by daydreaming, mental confusion, staring blankly and hypoactivity. Our main goal was to explore neuropsychological differences in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder-Inattentive presentation (ADHD-IA) groups with and without SCT symptoms compared to healthy controls. After detecting specific neuropsychological differences, we examined white matter microstructure using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) data obtained from 3.0 Tesla MRI scans of the cases with SCT symptoms comparing to Typically Developing (TD) controls. Method: In this study, we included 24 cases in the ADHD-IA group with SCT symptoms, 57 cases in the ADHD-IA group without SCT symptoms and, 24 children in the TD group. We applied tract-based spatial statistics to the DTI measures for obtaining fractional anisotropy (FA), axial, radial and mean diffusivity (AD, RD, MD) to explore white matter differences for the whole brain. Results: Omission error scores and longer reaction time scores were specifically associated with inattention symptoms. Commission error scores were significantly and specifically related to SCT symptoms. Cases with SCT symptoms presented increased FA in the bilateral anterior and posterior limb of the internal capsule, bilateral cerebral peduncle, and the fornix than TD group. Conclusions: Neurobiological differences in ADHD cases are still relatively unexplored. We suggest that including an assessment for SCT in the neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies of ADHD may provide more consistent results.
- «
- 1 (current)
- 2
- 3
- »
