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Yayın Influence of ABCB1 polymorphisms and serum concentrations on venlafaxine response in patients with major depressive disorder(Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2017-04) Özbey, Gül; Çam Çelikel, Feryal; Cumurcu, Birgül Elbozan; Kan, Derya; Yücel, Berna; Hasbek, Ekrem; Perçin, Ferda Emriye; Güzey, İsmail Cüneyt; Uluoǧlu, CananBackground: The pharmacokinetics and the pharmacodynamics of antidepressants show large inter-individual variations which result in unpredictable clinical responses. Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the effect of ABCB1 polymorphisms and the serum concentrations on the efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: Fifty-two outpatients who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for MDD were recruited for the study. The severity of depression was assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scale (HDRS17) and tolerability was assessed based on a query regarding side-effects for 6 weeks. The ABCB1 C3435T/A and G2677T/A polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR/RFLP and steady-state serum venlafaxine concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: Patients with the TT genotype for the C3435T and the TT/TA genotype for the G2677T/A polymorphism showed significantly higher frequencies in venlafaxine-induced akathisia. This relationship was not observed for efficacy. As regards serum venlafaxine concentrations, patient groups showed no significant differences in efficacy and tolerability. Conclusion: The results suggest that individuals with the TT-TT/TA genotypes for the C3435T-G2677T/A polymorphisms of ABCB1 may be pre-disposed to a risk of akathisia.Yayın Psychometric properties of the pathological buying screener: reliability and validity study(Kare Publishing, 2021-06) Dikbaş, Ganime Tuba; Acartürk, Ceren; Akyunus, MirayObjective: The Pathological Buying Screener (PBS) is a self-report scale used to evaluate compulsive buying behavior. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of a Turkish version of the PBS in a nonclinical sample. Method: A total of 457 adult participants aged 18-64 years were enrolled in this study. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability and structure, concurrent and criterion-related predictive validity analyses were conducted to ensure reliability and validity for use of the scale with a Turkish population. As part of the validity study, all of the participants were asked to complete a battery of self-report scales: the Compulsive Buying Scale, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-Short Form, and the PBS. In order to examine the test-retest reliability, 75 participants were asked to complete the questionnaire once again 2 weeks after the first administration. Results: The results of this study revealed that the PBS had good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The findings supported concurrent and criterion-related predictive validity, and a 2-factor structure, consistent with the original form. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the PBS is a valid and reliable measurement tool that will add to understanding of pathological buying behavior.Yayın Normative data and factorial structure of the Turkish version of the junior temperament and character inventory-revised(Taylor & Francis, 2017) Köse, Samet; Çam Çelikel, Feryal; Akın, Ercan; Kaya, Cahit; Elbozan Cumurcu, Birgül; Etikan, İlker; Cloninger, Claude RobertObjective: Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (J-TCI) was developed by Luby, Svrakic, McCallum, Przybeck, and Cloninger based on Cloninger's biopsychosocial model to assess temperament and character dimensions in children and adolescents. Methods: The Turkish version of J-TCI-Revised (J-TCI-R) was administered to 1129 elementary and middle-school (male/female, 546/583) students. Internal consistency reliabilities were measured by Cronbach's alpha; test-retest was assessed across one month. Results: Cronbach's alphas for the subscales of J-TCI-R ranged from 0.60 to 0.75 for temperament and character subscales, which were comparable to US and other populations. The correlations between baseline and one month after administration of J-TCI-R were highly and statistically significant (r = 0.578-0.674 for scales and 0.366-0.582 for subscales) (n = 795). Factor analysis results using Eigenvalue greater than one rule indicated three out of four factors for temperament scales and one out of two factors for character subscales which were similar to findings from the other countries. When all of the subscales were subjected to factor analysis, four out of six factors were retained. To our knowledge, this is the first study analysing psychometric properties and factorial construct of the J-TCI-R. Conclusions: The internal reliability coefficients and test-retest indicated a good stability of scores over time and the factorial structure was consistent with Cloninger's model of personality. The reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the TCI is therefore supported.Yayın Attentional bias and training in social anxiety disorder(Turkish Neuropsychiatric Society, 2015-03) Fıstıkçı, Nurhan; Saatçioğlu, İbrahim Ömer; Keyvan, Ali; Topçuoǧlu, VolkanCognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is one of the most effective treatment modalities for social anxiety disorder (SAD), showing a high level of clinical evidence supporting its effectiveness. On the other hand, lack of the desired benefit from this treatment in some patients causes continuation of the search for new techniques. Recent research studies have focused on attentional bias and attention training in SAD. Attention processes in SAD have been a major target of interest and investigation since the introduction of the first cognitive models explaining SAD. In the first model, it was highlighted that attention was self-focused. The relationship between threatening stimuli and attention was considered in the subsequent models. Attentional bias towards threat may take place in several ways, such as facilitated processing of threat, difficulty in disengaging attention from the threat and avoidance of attention from the threat. After these descriptions regarding the phenomenology of the disorder, treatments to modify attention, processes were developed. In spite of conflicting results, investigations on attentional training are promising. Attention processes, attentional bias and attentional training in SAD are discussed in this review.Yayın Diffusion tensor imaging findings in children with sluggish cognitive tempo comorbid Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2020-06-16) Ünsel Bolat, Gül; Baytunca, Muharrem Burak; Kardaş, Burcu; İpçi, Melis; İnci İzmir, Sevim Berrin; Özyurt, Onur; Çallı, Mehmet Cem; Ercan, Eyüp SabriObjective: The construct of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) is characterized by daydreaming, mental confusion, staring blankly and hypoactivity. Our main goal was to explore neuropsychological differences in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder-Inattentive presentation (ADHD-IA) groups with and without SCT symptoms compared to healthy controls. After detecting specific neuropsychological differences, we examined white matter microstructure using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) data obtained from 3.0 Tesla MRI scans of the cases with SCT symptoms comparing to Typically Developing (TD) controls. Method: In this study, we included 24 cases in the ADHD-IA group with SCT symptoms, 57 cases in the ADHD-IA group without SCT symptoms and, 24 children in the TD group. We applied tract-based spatial statistics to the DTI measures for obtaining fractional anisotropy (FA), axial, radial and mean diffusivity (AD, RD, MD) to explore white matter differences for the whole brain. Results: Omission error scores and longer reaction time scores were specifically associated with inattention symptoms. Commission error scores were significantly and specifically related to SCT symptoms. Cases with SCT symptoms presented increased FA in the bilateral anterior and posterior limb of the internal capsule, bilateral cerebral peduncle, and the fornix than TD group. Conclusions: Neurobiological differences in ADHD cases are still relatively unexplored. We suggest that including an assessment for SCT in the neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies of ADHD may provide more consistent results.Yayın Ergenlerde algılanan ebeveyn tutumu ve duygusal zeka arasındaki ilişkide, dijital oyun bağımlılığının aracı rolünün incelenmesi(ANP Publishing, 2021) Tetik, Gizem; Aktan, Zekeriya DenizAmaç: Günümüzde ergenler için bir sorun haline gelen dijital oyun bağımlılığının, duygusal zeka düzeyi ve ebeveyn tutumu ile ilişkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Araştırmanın hedefi, ergenlik dönemindeki algılanan anne-baba tutumları ile duygusal zekâ arasındaki ilişkide, dijital oyun bağımlılığının aracı (medyatör) etkisinin bulunup bulunmadığını araştırmaktadır. Yöntem: Araştırmaya 14-18 yaş aralığında olan 478 lise öğrencisi katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak; Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Dijital Oyun Bağımlılığı Ölçeği (DOBÖ-7), Anne-Baba Tutum Ölçeği (ABTÖ) ve Bar-On Duygusal Zekâ Ölçeği Çocuk ve Ergen Formu (EQ-i (YV)) kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma sonuçlarına gore yapılan regresyon analizi sonucunda, ergenlerin algıladığı kabul/ilgi alt boyutu ile duygusal zekâ düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkide dijital oyun bağımlılık düzeyinin kısmi aracı etkiye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Yapılan ANCOVA analizi sonucuna göre, demokratik ebeveyn tutumuna sahip ergenlerin duygusal zekâ seviyelerinin diğer tutumlara göre daha yüksek, otoriter ebeveyn tutumuna sahip ergenlerin duygusal zekâ düzeylerinin ise diğer ebeveyn tutumlarına göre daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Günümüz ebeveynleri için önemli bir sorun olarak görülen dijital oyun bağımlılığının kontrolünde ebeveyn tutumlarının ne derece önemli olduğunu gösteren bu araştırma, çocukların hayatlarına yön veren duygusal zekâ kapasitesinin ebeveyn tutumuyla olan ilişkisini değerlendirmek adına bir rehber özelliği taşımaktadır. Bulguların nesnel gerçekliği yansıtması açısından gelecek çalışmalar, araştırmamızın kısıtlılıklarını göz önünde bulundurarak planlanmalıdır.Yayın Paraoxonase (PON1) L55M and Q192R polymorphisms in major depression and bipolar affective disorder(Univ Sao Paulo, 2017-05/06) Yıldız, Mesut; Çam Çelikel, Feryal; Ateş, Ömer; Erdoğan Taycan, Serap; Benli, İsmail; Demir, OsmanBackground: Oxidative and nitrosative stress pathways, along with immune-inflammatory response, might play an important role in the pathogenic mechanisms underlying major depression and bipolar disorder. Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate paraoxonase 1 polymorphisms and its correlations with disease parameters in patients with major depression and bipolar affective disorder. Methods: PON1 L55M and Q192R single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed in a group consisted of 100 patients with major depression, and 100 patients with bipolar affective disorder and 96 healthy controls. Polymorphisms were analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction. Results: Our findings reported no association between Q192R and L55M polymorphisms of PON1 and major depression and bipolar disorder. Additionally, there was no association between the PON1 genotypes and disease variables in both depressed and bipolar patients. Discussion: Evaluating the different stages of patients with affective disorders and and investigating the connection between PON1 polymorphisms and treatment outcomes will help us to clarify the relationship between PON1 and mood disorders.Yayın Olanzapin kullanımına bağlı çekilme diskinezisi ve süpersensitivite psikozu(Turkish Neuropsychiatric Society, 2016-06) Karaş, Hakan; Güdük, Mehmet; Saatçioğlu, İbrahim ÖmerTardive dyskinesia (TD) usually appears after years of antipsychotic drug use and appears to be related to the total lifetime medication dose. In withdrawal-emergent dyskinesia (WE-D), which is considered to be a subtype of TD, dyskinetic symptoms often appear shortly after a rapid reduction in antipsychotic drug dose or sudden discontinuation of the drug. Supersensitivity psychosis, which is frequently observed along with TD and is considered to have a similar etiology as TD, is a psychotic relapse phenomenon that occurs after the withdrawal of an antipsychotic drug or a rapid reduction in the drug dosage. In general, atypical antipsychotics tend to be associated with less propensity to cause TD when compared with typical antipsychotics. Furthermore, olanzapine and clozapine may have a therapeutic potential in improving or totally curing TD. In this study, a case of WE-D because of discontinuing olanzapine use and supersensitivity psychosis is discussed.Yayın Çocukluk çağı amnezisi: Hatırlanan ilk çocukluk anısı yaşı ile ilişkili faktörler(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2018) Yıldırım, Elif; Büyükişcan, Ezgi Soncu; Çolak, Merve; Akpınar, Sümeyye; Altan, BusenurÇocukluk amnezisi, gelişimin erken evrelerinde üretilen otobiyografik anıların yetişkinlik döneminde tam olarak hatırlanamaması olarak tanımlanan bir durumdur. Genel olarak hatırlanan ilk anıların ortalama 3- 4 yaşa ait olduğu kabul edilse de, ilk çocukluk anısının ait olduğu yaş tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışmada genç yetişkinlerde hatırlanan ilk çocukluk anısına ait yaşın belirlenmesi ve cinsiyet, anıya ilişkin faktörler, bağlanma stilleri ve çocukluk çağı travmatik olaylarının anı yaşı üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya 137 üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. Katılımcılardan hatırladıkları ilk anıyı yazmaları ve anının yaşı ile sıradanlık düzeyi, netliği, emosyonel yoğunluğu, bütünlüğü gibi anı özelliklerini değerlendiren anketi doldurmaları istenmiştir. Buna ek olarak katılımcıların erken travmatik deneyimleri ve bağlanma stilleri de değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcıların hatırladıkları ilk çocukluk anısına ait yaşın 24 ve 95 ay arasında değiştiği ve ortalamanın 52.44 (SS = 16.77) ay olduğu bulunmuştur. Kadın katılımcılarda ilk anı yaşının erkek katılımcılara kıyasla anlamlı düzeyde daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Cinsiyete ek olarak, çocukluk çağında yaşanan ebeveynler arasındaki ilişkiye dair travmatik olayların varlığı ilk anı yaşı ile ilişkili bir diğer faktör olarak ön plana çıkmıştır. Çocukluk çağı amnezisi otobiyografik belleğin ortaya çıkışının bir işareti olarak düşünülmektedir. Bulgular cinsiyet gibi bireysel özelliklere ek olarak erken çocukluk çağı deneyimlerinin çocukluk çağı amnezisi ile ilişkili olduğunu öne sürmektedir.Yayın One size does not fit all in psychotherapy: Understanding depression among patients of Turkish origin in Europe(Turkish Neuropsychiatric Society, 2016-03) Balkır Neftçi, Nazlı; Barnow, SvenOver the last decades, Europe has become an immigration country hosting an estimated 56 million international immigrants. Yet, a large amount of literature suggests that migration is associated with a higher risk of common mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety. As representatives of one of the largest immigrant groups in Europe, various studies have shown that Turkish immigrants exhibit a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders than do the background population. Nevertheless, it is also well demonstrated that this particular patient group is more likely to terminate treatment prematurely and displays lower rates of treatment compliance than their native counterparts. This reluctance for service utilization might be partially because of the fact that people from non-Western ethnocultural backgrounds (e.g., Turkey) often have a different notion and comprehension of mental health and illness as compared with those of the people from Western societies. Such mismatch often results in discrepancies between the needs and expectations of immigrant patients and clinicians, which attenuate the communication and effectiveness of treatment and lead to unexplained high dropout rates. To provide continued provision of culture-sensitive, high quality, evidence-based mental health care, the advancement of researches exploring such sociocultural differences between the patients’ and the clinicians’ notions of mental health must occur. In response to these problems, the current review aims to explore the interplay between culture and mental processes that associate with the etiology, maintenance, and management of depression among Turkish immigrant patients. This is to inform clinicians regarding culturespecific correlates of depression among Turkish patients to enable them to present interventions that fit the needs and expectations of this particular patient group.
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