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Yayın On the effect of random sampling jitter on cyclostationarity based spectrum sensing algorithms for cognitive radio(IEEE, 2009) Öner, Mustafa MengüçCognitive radio is an enabling technology, which is expected to lead to a more efficient utilization of the available spectral resources due to its flexibility and its ability to sense its spectral environment. Recently, spectrum sensing methods based on exploiting the cyclostationary characteristics of communication signals have been drawing considerable interest. Imperfections in the cognitive radio receiver that affect the cyclic statistics of a signal of interest may lead to a degradation in the performance of spectrum sensing algorithms based on cyclostationarity. One such typical source of imperfection is random timing jitter in the sampling process. In this work, we explore the effect of random sampling jitter on the second order cyclostationary statistics of wide sense cyclostationary signals. General analytical expressions are derived for the cyclic statistics of sampled signals in the presence of sampling jitter and specific results are provided for two cases of interest. Subsequently, the effect of the jitter on a spectrum sensing algorithm is investigated via simulations.Yayın Characterization of Bulgarian oil shale kerogen revealed by oxidative degradation(Elsevier GMBH, Urban & Fischer Verlag, 2009) Budinova, Temenuzhka K.; Razvigorova, Maria; Tsyntsarski, Boyko G.; Petrova, Bilyana N.; Ekinci, Ekrem; Yardım, Mehmet FerhatA 13-step alkaline permanganate degradation of Bulgarian oil shale kerogen concentrate at ambient temperature was carried out. A high yield of oxidation products (90.1%) and a low yield of gaseous products (2.79%) were obtained. IR and (1)H NMR spectroscopic studies have shown that two significantly different types of high molecular products are present in kerogen. Further oxidation of these structures leads to the formation of low molecular aliphatic and aromatic acids, proven by gas chromotography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The data obtained at these mild conditions allow us to acquire detailed information about the aromatic structures and polymethylene chain lengths in kerogen.The 5-step oxidation of the kerogen at 90 degrees C provides information about stable aromatic structures. Soluble and insoluble polyfunctional acids in acid medium have close molecular masses and spectral characteristics. The amount of benzene and naphthalene carboxylic acids is 11.3% of the organic matter of the oil shale.Yayın On the effects of random timing jitter on spectrum sensing algorithms based on cyclostationarity(IEEE, 2009) Öner, Mustafa MengüçCognitive radio is an enabling technology, which is expected to lead to a more efficient utilization of the available spectral resources due to its flexibility and its ability to sense its spectral environment. Recently, spectrum sensing methods based on exploiting the cyclostationary characteristics of communication signals have been drawing interest. In practice, imperfections in the signal generation or reception may affect the cyclic statistics of a signal of interest, leading to a degradation in the performance of cyclostationarity-exploiting spectrum sensing schemes based on an ideal signal model. A typical source of imperfection is random timing jitter, which can occur at the transmitter side, most notably in the form of pulse timing jitter for digitally modulated signals, or at the receiver side in the form of sampling jitter. In this work, we explore the effect of random timing jitter on the second order cyclostationary statistics of wide sense cyclostationary signals. General analytical expressions are derived for the cyclic statistics of signals in the presence of sampling and pulse timing jitter and specific results are provided for cases of practical interest. Subsequently, the effect of the both jitter types on a cyclostationary-based spectrum sensing algorithm is investigated via simulations.Yayın Spectral correlation of a digital pulse stream modulated by a cyclostationary sequence in the presence of timing jitter(IEEE-INST Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2009-02) Öner, Mustafa MengüçCyclostationarity is an inherent characteristic of many communication signals, which can be exploited for performing various signal processing tasks. Imperfections in the signal generation that affect the cyclic statistics of a signal may lead to a degradation in the performance of signal processing algorithms which make use of this cyclostationary behaviour. One typical source of imperfection encountered in digital signalling techniques is random jitter in the pulse timing. In this work, we systematically derive analytical expressions for the cyclic statistics of digital baseband signalling schemes in the presence of timing jitter, under the assumption that the generating wide sense cyclostationary data sequence and the stationary jitter process are statistically independent.Yayın Particle size and shell thickness dependence of the light intensity enhancement in the cap layers of Ag, Au, Al and SiO2@TiO2 core-shell nanostructures(Wiley-V C H Verlag GMBH, 2018-03-22) Başcura, Erdem Berkay; Karakurt, İsmailWe present a systematic study of the light intensity enhancement in the shell layers of half burrried Ag, Au, Al and SiO2 spherical nanoparticles capped with TiO2. We calculated the light intensity profiles near these structures when they are illuminated by a UV light at 380 nm. The calculations cover the particle-size range between 20 and 180 nm, and the cap thickness range between 6 and 80 nm. Our data is the first report on the intensity enhancement in the shell layers of TiO2-capped Al nanoparticles and Al@TiO2 core-shell nanostructures. We obtain, in the cap layers, an average intensity enhancement of similar to 3.7, similar to 6.1, similar to 2.4 and similar to 2.7 for a cap thickness of similar to 30nm above Ag, Al, Au and SiO2 particles. Taking into account the increase in the active surface area, these numbers can be multiplied by a factor of two, for each capped-nanoparticle system. The optimal Ag, Au, Al and SiO2-particle sizes for a 30-nm cap-thickness are found to be 120 nm, 80 nm, 140 nm, and 80 nm. While half-buried and capped-nanoparticle systems resemble the typical core-shell nanoparticles, the intensity enhancements are not equivalent. We compare the intensity increases in these two systems at the optimal sizes for Ag and Al particles for a 30-nm shell thickness.Yayın Time-dependent lateral diffusion in WO3 thin films(Elsevier B.V., 2023-10) Karakurt, İsmail; Başar, Günay; Leiderer, Paul; Parlatan, Şeyma; Arapoğlu, NihanWe have studied the anomalous lateral diffusion process in thin tungsten trioxide films by optical means. The diffusion process seems to start at imperfections within the film a few seconds after the H+ ion intercalation begins, and progresses parallel to the surface of the film. We measured the mean square displacement of the diffusion front and used its time-dependence to calculate the instantaneous diffusion coefficient. The anomalous exponents are found to be 2.24 and 2.92 for 400 nm and 270 nm thick films, respectively. We explain the observed large diffusion coefficients and depth dependence of the expansion of the film by interfacial job-sharing diffusion of electrons and protons. Raman measurements were also carried out on virgin films, and on films after the lateral diffusion. Although the observed spectrum after the lateral diffusion is, in general, consistent with the literature for H+ intercalated films, we observe an additional strong band at 855 cm?1. This lateral diffusion process is observed to be irreversible; therefore, it has to be avoided in electrochromic switching devices based on WO3.Yayın An active discharge scheme for DC-bus capacitors in EV powertrain(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025-07-18) Sezer, Mustafa Murat; Norwood, Daniel; Geiger, John; Hava, Ahmet Masum; Akın, BilalDuring the emergency situations, key-OFFs, or maintenance, discharging the inverter dc-bus capacitor voltage within seconds is imperative due to safety concerns (inverter not used to control motor). Conventional discharge methods rely on external resistors, additional switches, or motor windings, increasing cost, space requirements, and control complexity. This article presents a cost-effective and space-efficient solution that enables fast capacitor discharge by operating the inverter's SiC mosfets-either discrete devices or power modules-in linear mode. The proposed method utilizes a constant power tracking approach with pulse frequency modulation to safely discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor without external components. When the car is off, the proposed scheme discharges a 1000-V dc bus within 1 s using a single low-side SiC switch to test a worst-case scenario. In practice, all six devices can be used to share thermal stress, and the discharge time can be extended to 5 s as suggested by safety standards. Optimal operating conditions, including gate-source voltage (V{GS}) and pulse width (t{ON}}), are identified for different mosfets from various vendors. To assess long-term reliability, devices undergo more than 200 000 discharge cycles, with intrinsic parameter monitoring and failure analysis conducted to determine degradation mechanisms. The findings help establish safe operating conditions, ensuring robust and reliable integration of the proposed discharge method within the main powertrain inverter.
