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Yayın Mülteci temsillerinde kültürel farklılık inşası ve toplumsal kabule etkileri(Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Pandır, MüzeyyenTürk toplumu ve Suriyeli mülteciler arasında toplumsal kabul ve uyum konusuna odaklanan kamuoyu çalışmaları, coğrafi yakınlıkları ve ortak dini hassasiyetlerine rağmen Türk toplumunun Suriyeliler’i kültürel olarak uzak ve farklı gördüklerini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, Suriyeli mültecilerin ülke gündeminde oldukları dönemlere dönerek, o dönemin haber fotoğraflarında nasıl temsil edildiklerini, fotoğraflarda nasıl bir “Suriyeli mülteci” kimliği inşa edildiğini ve bu temsillerin Türkler ve Suriyeliler arasında kültürel farklılık ve uzaklık algısını nasıl beslemiş olabileceklerini sorgulamaktadır. Suriyeli nüfusun Türkiye’de en fazla artış gösterdiği 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında beş günlük gazetede yayınlanan Suriyeli mülteci fotoğrafları içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiş, fotoğraflarda Suriyeliler’e dair hangi anlamların üretildiği belirlenmiş, biz-onlar ayrımının nasıl ve hangi temsil pratikleri ile inşa edildiği gözlemlenmiş ve bu temsillerin toplumsal kabule yönelik olası etkileri tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, gazete temsillerinde Suriyeli mültecilere karşı önyargılı bir temsil biçiminin açık bir şekilde kullanılmadığı, ancak bazı temsil pratikleri ile daha örtülü şekillerde Suriyeliler’in toplumdan (bizden) farklı, uzak ve yabancı bir grup olarak inşa edildiği savunulmaktadır. Bu temsil biçimi, üç buçuk milyonun üzerinde Suriyeli nüfusa sahip Türkiye’de, Suriyeliler’e yönelik toplumsal kabulün oluşumuna olumsuz etki edecek niteliktedir. Toplum içerisinde barışın hâkim olabilmesi için medya temsillerinde, Suriyeli mültecilerin “görünmez” kılınan ancak “bize” benzer “sıradan” ve olumlu özelliklerinin görünür kılınması önerilmektedir.Yayın Media portrayals of refugees and their effects on social conflict and social cohesion(T.C. Dışişleri Bakanlığı Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi, 2020) Pandır, MüzeyyenMedia portrayals of refugees can produce prejudice toward refugees as well as understanding and acceptance. In that sense, the media have the potential to be part of the problem or part of the solution in issues of conflict and cohesion between host and refugee communities. In this critical time when the future of Syrian refugees in Turkey is being discussed, this article reviews previous research on the media’s representation of refugees, identifies the dominant representational practices and discusses their effects on the inclusion and exclusion of refugees, which may lead to social cohesion or social conflict, respectively. The main body of the article first identifies the negative effects of refugee representations, namely victimization, depoliticization, dehumanization, marginalization, homogenization and deindividualization, and explains in what ways these representations stigmatize refugees as “other” in society and produce prejudice and xenophobia toward them. The article then turns to the representation strategies used to reduce prejudice and motivate understanding in society. Here, empathizing with refugees and taking a rights-based journalism approach are identified among the media’s inclusion practices toward refugees. Overall, specifically focusing on Syrians in Turkey, the paper aims to initiate a discussion on how the media can play a role in assisting the acceptance of refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants in a new country by raising awareness about the media’s representational practices.Yayın Stereotyping, Victimization and depoliticization in the representations of Syrian refugees(Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2019-06-26) Pandır, MüzeyyenThis paper studiesthe representational constructions of the image of Syrian refugee in newspaper photographs and discusses the processes in which the Syrian refugee is victimized, stereotyped and depoliticized through representation. It analyses Syrian refugee photographs published between 2011 and 2015 in five Turkish newspapers. Working within visual sociological and constructivist perspectives, and synthesizing content and visual analyses, the study first dwells upon the universal “ideal victim” profile mentioned in victimology studies, then reveals that the image of Syrian refugee is predominantly constructed as “victim” in the analyzed newspaper photographs. The study elaborates that refugees’ victimhood is represented through different themes of suffering, which appear around the themes of poverty, displacement, the need, and loss and pain. Then the victimization of the refugee is problematized and discussed under two main arguments. The first argument discusses that the prevalence of the victim discourse in Syrian refugee photographs is achieved through the technique of stereotyping, which reproduces the universal image of the refugee as weak and vulnerable, regardless of time and context. The second argument discusses that victimization works as a device for depoliticization, which imagines the refugee only as weak and powerless rather than a subject with political agency who produces action and results. The paper concludes that victimization and depoliticization produce a disparity between the lived experiences of the refugee (who has survived a war) and the representations of the refugee (who is a powerless war victim).Yayın Public service announcements about migrants: strategic constructions to reduce prejudice(Anadolu Üniversitesi, 2025-06-30) Pandır, MüzeyyenIn countries with large refugee and migrant populations, it is crucial to build good relations between the newcomers and the host communities. One method of increasing social acceptance and reducing prejudice is using media-based information and awareness-raising activities. !is study examines "ve public service announcement (PSA) "lms prepared by the Turkish Presidency of Migration Management between the years 2017-2021 to increase the social acceptance of migrants, and discusses their potential to reduce prejudice. !e PSAs are examined using a visual content analysis method focusing on the migrant pro"le, narrative structure, language and tone, emphasis on di#erence or similarity, representation of stereotypes, and narrator. !ree main "ndings emerged from the study: Firstly, the PSAs feature a theme of “Great Türkiye”, which emphasizes the greatness of Turkish history and assigns a responsibility to Turkish people to protect those in need, ultimately constructing a superiority over migrants. Secondly, PSAs present migrants in an ambivalent way as capable people contributing to the Turkish economy (visual) and as people in need of help (narrative). !irdly, PSAs use emotional language to deliver messages of understanding and benevolence. Overall, the study argues that PSAs strategically construct Turks as superior and portray migrants as ambivalent to reduce the perception of migrants as a competitive threat to Turks and with an emotional language they make the didactic messages seem less oppressive and patronizing. While these strategies may promote acceptance, their long-term impact is questionable if they are not supported by the teaching of values such as equality and respect.
