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2016 - 20192
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İndeks: Web of Science × Konu: Democratization ×

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    Political Islam in Tunisia: The History of Ennahda
    (Seta Foundation, 2019-12) Evirgen, Yusuf
    Political Islam in Tunisia offers some helpful explanatory tools as appendixes, such as the al-Nahda Electoral Programme of 2011; the Statute of the al-Nahda Movement, July 2012; the Final Declaration of the Eight Congress of al-Nahda, May 2007; the Final Declaration of the Seventh Congress of al-Nahda, April 3, 2001; an Account of an al-Nahda Campaign Event in the Electoral District of Tunis 1; and Selected Interviews. The author searches for historical ties between alNahda and the Muslim Brotherhood, but this focus causes her to overlook some of the alNahda movement's traditional ties. [...]we know that the Arab Spring affected the alNahda movement's structure in different ways. [...]Political Islam in Tunisia offers a helpful introduction to readers interested in political Islam, Islamism, Tunisia, and the al-Nahda movement.
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    Turkey’s struggle with the PKK and civilian control over the Turkish Armed Forces
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016-05-03) Kayhan Pusane, Özlem
    Although most scholars of Turkey’s civil-military relations argue that the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) insurgency has led to a decrease in civilian control over the Turkish military from the 1980s onwards, this has not always been the case. This article argues that the presence or the degree of the PKK threat is not sufficient to explain the civil-military balance of power in Turkey throughout the 1980s and the 1990s. Instead, the article shows that in the face of the PKK threat, three major factors have influenced the behaviours of both civilian and military policy-makers in Turkey and shaped the level of civilian control. These factors are first, the Turkish political leaders’ control over their political parties and these parties’ control of a majority of seats in the parliament; second, how negatively or positively the military perceives the political leadership; and third, European Union pressures for democratisation.