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Yayın Does supply chain integration enhance humanitarian supply chain performance? an empirical investigation of operational outcomes(Işık Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2026-04-29) Alaff, Monther; Karayaz, GamzeHumanitarian supply chains (HSC) operate in high-uncertainty environments where speed and adaptability are critical, yet existing supply chain integration (SCI) models are primarily derived from commercial contexts. This creates a gap in understanding how integration affects performance in crisis operations. This study investigates the effect of SCI on HSC performance, focusing specifically on lead time and flexibility as two core performance dimensions. The research employs explanatory mixedmethod design. Quantitative data were collected through a survey of UN supply chain staff, while qualitative insights were obtained from executive interviews. Five integration constructs: beneficiary, supplier, government, partner, and internal integration, were operationalized and analyzed statistically. The results indicate all constraints significantly influence supply chain performance, yet beneficiary integration shows the strongest effect on both lead time and flexibility, while supplier, government, and partner integrations exert more limited effects. The findings provide a context-specific theory of humanitarian SCI, demonstrating that integration strategies must be tailored to crisis conditions rather than replicated from commercial models.
