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Yayın Performance outcomes of supply chain management practices: evidence from Pakistan's fan manufacturing SMEs(University of Novi Sad, 2025-12-01) Akbay, Ümmühan; Hafeez, Muhammad SalmanThis study examines the impact of supply chain management practices on the organization’s marketing and financial performance. We present the results of a survey conducted with 100 Pakistani fan manufacturing firms. Statistical analysis reveals that the industry struggles with information sharing and joint operations within the supply chain. PLS-SEM analysis of the survey data shows that supply chain performance is significantly correlated with organizational performance. Both customer and supplier relationship management have positive and significant effects on the performance of the supply chain and the organization. However, the impact of customer relationship management is stronger as its path coefficient is greater. Additionally, although internal supply chain management also impacts both supply chain and organization performance positively, the impact is slightly short of being statistically significant. This study contributes to the supply chain management literature by providing empirical evidence from an understudied manufacturing sector from a developing country.Yayın The evolution of leadership theories and the role of transformational leadership in modern organizations(Işık Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2026-04-29) Reyhan, Cem; Tuncay Çelikel, Aslı; Sarıca, Yeşim Pınar; Yılmaz, Kemal ÖzkanThis review paper examines recent studies on the evolution of leadership theories and highlights the importance of transformational leadership in modern organizations operating in volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environments. Leadership has been widely studied in management literature, and its conceptualization has evolved from early trait-based approaches to behavioral and situational perspectives, and more recently to contemporary theories emphasizing the complex interactions between leaders, followers, and organizational contexts. The literature indicates that transformational leadership has emerged as one of the most influential leadership models in business research. It is widely recognized for motivating employees through the articulation of a shared vision, fostering innovation, and supporting individual development. In contrast to transactional leadership, which is based primarily on reward and performance exchanges, transformational leadership encourages employees to go beyond their individual interests and align with broader organizational goals. Based on an extensive review of 38 academic sources published between 1970 and 2025, this study synthesizes the theoretical development and organizational implications of transformational leadership. The findings suggest that transformational leadership has significant positive effects on key organizational outcomes, including motivation, creativity, teamwork, and organizational performance. It also plays a critical role in fostering adaptive organizational cultures and supporting innovation-oriented strategies in modern organizations.
