11 sonuçlar
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Yayın Optimum power control for transmitter cooperation in OFDMA based wireless networks(IEEE, 2011) Bakım, İsmail Sezi; Kaya, OnurFor a cooperative orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system with two transmitters (TXs), and full channel state information (CSI), we obtain the optimal power allocation (PA) policies which maximize the rate region achievable by a recently introduced version of block Markov superposition encoding (BMSE): inter-subchannel cooperative encoding (ISCE) [1]. We provide the optimality conditions that need to be satisfied by the powers associated with the transmitted codewords. We propose two algorithms that yield the optimal power distribution: a subgradient algorithm which achieves an arbitrary rate point on the achievable rate region boundary, and an iterative waterfilling-like algorithm which maximizes the sum rate, and converges much faster. We observe that, utilization of power control to take advantage of the diversity offered by the cooperative OFDMA system, not only leads to a remarkable improvement in achievable rates, but also may help determine how the subchannels have to be instantaneously allocated to various tasks in cooperation.Yayın Decoder-side super-resolution and frame interpolation for improved H.264 video coding(IEEE, 2013) Ateş, Hasan FehmiIn literature decoder-side motion estimation is shown to improve video coding efficiency of both H.264 and HEVC standards. In this paper we introduce enhanced skip and direct modes for H.264 coding using decoder-side super-resolution (SR) and frame interpolation. P-and B-frames are downsampled and H.264 encoded at lower resolution (LR). Then reconstructed LR frames are super-resolved using decoder-side motion estimation. Alternatively for B-frames, bidirectional true motion estimation is performed to synthesize a B-frame from its reference frames. For P-frames, bicubic interpolation of the LR frame is used as an alternative to SR reconstruction. A rate-distortion optimal mode selection algorithm determines for each MB which of the two reconstructions to use as skip/direct mode prediction. Simulations indicate an average of 1.04 dB PSNR improvement or 23.0% bitrate reduction at low bitrates when compared to H.264 standard. Average PSNR gains reach as high as 3.95 dB depending on the video content and frame rate.Yayın Achievable rates for two user cooperative OFDMA(IEEE, 2010) Bakım, İsmail Sezi; Kaya, OnurWe propose two encoding strategies for a two user cooperative Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) system, based on block Markov superposition encoding. We obtain the expressions for the resulting achievable rate regions for both encoding strategies, and evaluate them through simulations. We show that, by allowing for re-partitioning and re-encoding of the cooperative messages across subchannels, it is possible to better exploit the diversity created by OFDMA, and higher rates can be achieved.Yayın A haar classifier based call number detection and counting method for library books(IEEE, 2018-12-06) Kanburoğlu, Ali Buğra; Tek, Faik BorayCounting and organization of books in libraries is a routine and time-consuming task The task gets more complicated by misplaced books in shelves. In order to solve these problems, we propose an automated visual call number (book-id) detection and counting system in this paper. The method employs a Haar feature-based classifier from OpenCV library and cloud-based OCR system to decode characters from images. To develop and test the method, we have acquired and organized a dataset of 1000 book call numbers. The proposed method has been tested on 20 bookshelves images that contain 233 call numbers, which resulted in a true detection rate of 96% and false detection rate of 1.75 per image. For OCR step, the number of false recognized characters per call number was 0.76.Yayın Decoder side true motion estimation for very low bitrate b-frame coding(IEEE, 2011) Ateş, Hasan Fehmi; Çizmeci, BurakIn H.264 standard, coding of motion vectors constitutes a significant portion of total bitrate especially at low bitrate regimes. This is because differential coding of motion vectors is inefficient when the bit budget is very low. In this paper, we propose a novel estimation and coding algorithm for motion vectors of B-frames at very low bitrates. In this method, the encoder selects the optimal motion vector from a limited set of candidate vectors that are determined at the decoder side using true motion estimation. Since these candidate vector sets are fixed by the decoder for each macroblock, there is no need for explicit coding of motion information, which reduces the bitrate required for coding. Also, true motion vector estimates are used for improved direct mode coding in B-frames. The algorithm provides an average of 0.68 dB PSNR gain for B-frames when compared to the reference H.264 results at the same bitrates. Simulation results also indicate significant improvement in visual quality of the compressed B-frames.Yayın Energy harvesting cooperative multiple access channel with decoding costs(IEEE, 2016) Arafa, Ahmed M.; Kaya, Onur; Ulukuş, ŞennurWe consider an energy harvesting cooperative multiple access channel (AC) with decoding costs. In this setting, users cooperate at the physical layer (data cooperation) in order to increase the achievable rates. Data cooperation comes at the expense of decoding costs: each user spends some amount of its harvested energy to decode the message of the other user, before forwarding both messages to the receiver. The decoding power spent is an increasing convex function of the incoming message rate. We characterize the optimal power scheduling policies that achieve the boundary of the maximum departure region subject to energy causality constraints and decoding costs by using a generalized water-filling algorithm.Yayın Channel adaptive encoding and decoding strategies and rate regions for the three user cooperative multiple access channel(IEEE, 2008) Edemen, Çağatay; Kaya, OnurFor a cooperative Gaussian multiple access channel (MAC), we propose a new channel adaptive three user cooperation strategy, based on a non-trivial extension of block Markov super-position encoding. We obtain the expressions for the resulting achievable rate region. We demonstrate through simulations that the participation of an extra user in cooperation provides significant rate improvements. The proposed strategy also improves upon our earlier results on the three user cooperative MAC [1], under certain channel conditions.Yayın Achievable rates for the three user cooperative multiple access channel(IEEE, 2008) Edemen, Çağatay; Kaya, OnurFor a three user Gaussian multiple access channel (MAC), we propose a new superposition block Markov encoding based cooperation scheme. Our scheme allows the three users to simultaneously cooperate both in pairs, and collectively, by dividing the transmitted messages into sub messages intended for each cooperating partner. The proposed encoding and decoding at the transmitters take into account the relative qualities of the cooperation links between the transmitters. We obtain and evaluate the achievable rate region based on our encoding strategy, and compare it with the achievable rates for the two user cooperative MAC. We demonstrate that the added diversity by the presence of the third user improves the region of achievable rates, and this improvement is especially significant as far as the sum rate of the system is concerned.Yayın Window and backwards decoding achieve the same sum rate for the fading cooperative Gaussian multiple access channel(IEEE, 2006) Kaya, OnurFor a two user fading Gaussian multiple access channel with user cooperation, we show that window decoding achieves the same sum rate as backwards decoding, when the encoding is done using block Markov superposition coding. We prove this result by showing that when optimum power control is employed, the additional constraints on the sum rate imposed by the use of window decoding instead of backwards decoding are never active. While doing so, we also provide some properties of power allocation that is jointly optimal with block Markov coding and window decoding.Yayın A new block Markov coding strategy for pairwise and collective cooperation in the three user MAC(IEEE, 2013) Edemen, Çağatay; Kaya, OnurFor a three user cooperative multiple access channel (MAC), we propose a new block Markov superposition encoding strategy, which enables all three users to cooperate collectively as well as in pairs. We obtain the resulting achievable rate expressions and compare them with existing two and three user cooperative strategies. We demonstrate that significant rate gains may be possible, without resorting to adaptive encoding/decoding techniques. We investigate the contributions from pairwise and collective cooperation signals while achieving tuples on the rate region boundary, and compare by simulations the sum rates achievable by two user versus three user grouping in cooperative MACs with fixed total resources.
