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Yayın What would normalisation of economic relations between Mashrek countries, Turkey and Israel imply?(Blackwell, 2007-04) Tovias, Alfred; Kalaycıoğlu, Sema; Dafni, Inon; Ruben, Ester; Herman, LiorThis article examines the potential for economic cooperation among Mashrek countries, Turkey and Israel in the fields of trade in goods and services both separately and across-field. It first describes the macroeconomic features of the region and then estimates the overall potential for inter-industry trade in goods by estimating gravity equations for each country separately and the potential for intra-industry trade using Grubel-Lloyd indices. The article also examines the potential for trade in specific services, namely information and computer technology, transport, financial and health services.Yayın The politics of population in a nation-building process: emigration of non-Muslims from Turkey(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2008-02) İçduygu, Ahmet; Toktaş, Şule; Soner, Bayram AliWithin the politics of nationalism and nation-building, the emigration of ethnic and religious minorities, whether voluntary or involuntary, appears to be a commonly occurring practice. After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the early twentieth century, modern Turkey still carried the legacy of a multi-ethnic, multi-religious diversity in which its Armenian, Greek and Jewish communities had official minority status based upon the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne. However, throughout the twentieth century, Turkey's non-Muslim minority populations have undergone a mass emigration experience in which thousands of their numbers have migrated to various countries around the globe. While in the 1920s the population of non-Muslims in the country was close to 3 per cent of the total, today it has dropped to less than two per thousand. This article analyses the emigration of non-Muslim people from Turkey and relates this movement to the wider context of nation-building in the country.Yayın Regional specialization and industrial concentration patterns in the Turkish manufacturing industry: An assessment for the 1980-2000 period(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2008-02) Falcıoğlu, Pınar; Akgüngör, Emine SedefPrevious studies on geographical distribution of economic activity in Turkey demonstrate that firms are localized in major metropolitan areas as well as a set of emerging regions. The aim of the paper is to complement the findings of the studies on regional and industrial concentration in Turkey's manufacturing industry by exploring whether regional specialization and industrial concentration patterns changed during the 1980-2000 period. The paper further aims to explore the driving forces of industrial concentration in Turkey's manufacturing industry, particularly during Turkey's economic integration process that started with trade liberalization after 1980 and further developed with the Customs Union in 1996. Regional specialization and industrial concentration are measured by GINI indices Turkey's NUTS-2 regions at the four-digit level for the years between 1980 and 2000. To investigate which variables determine industry concentration, systematic relation between the characteristics of the industry and industrial concentration is tested. Following the method proposed by Paluzie, Pons and Tirado, a panel regression equation is estimated, where the dependent variable is the Gini concentration index and the independent variables are the variables that represent the characteristics of the sectors that follow the predictions of classical trade theory, new trade theory and new economic geography. The major finding of the study is that during 1980-2000, Turkey's regions became more specialized and industry became more concentrated. Increases in the average values of regional specialization and industrial concentration support the prediction developed by Krugman hypothesis that regions become more specialized and industries become more concentrated with economic integration. In exploring the driving forces of industrial concentration, the findings demonstrate that firms tend to cluster in regions where there are economies of scale.
