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Yayın The effect of the interaction between autistic traits and psychotic proneness on empathy: a cross-sectional study with a non-clinical sample(Emerald Publishing, 2023-11-08) Yıldırım, ElifPurpose: Recent evidence indicates an improving effect of the co-occurrence of autistic traits and psychotic symptoms on social cognition, but there is no agreement on the effect of the interaction between autistic traits and psychotic proneness on empathy. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the interaction between autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences on cognitive and affective empathy. Design/methodology/approach: The sample consisted of 420 adults aged between 18 and 60. Assessments were administered anonymously online. Empathic abilities were evaluated by the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). While Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) was applied to measure autistic traits, The Community Assessment of Psychic Experience (CAPE) was used as a measurement of positive psychotic experiences. Findings: A series of regression analyses showed that although AQ and CAPE scores were not correlated with cognitive-IRI, the interaction between these scores predicted cognitive-IRI scores. It was found that the personal distress subscale of IRI was significantly associated with AQ, but this relationship was moderated by CAPE scores. Originality/value: These findings provide a different perspective on understanding social cognitive impairments in autism, which may have potential clinical implications. Findings also contribute to explaining the individual differences in empathic abilities.Yayın Relationship between metabolic syndrome and clinical features, and its personal-social performance in patients with schizophrenia(Springer, 2016-06) Saatçioğlu, İbrahim Ömer; Kalkan, Murat; Fıstıkçı, Nurhan; Erek, Şakire; Kılıç, Kasım CandanThe aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic syndrome (MS) criteria and also to investigate the effects of MS on medical treatment, clinical course and personal and social performance in patients with schizophrenia. One hundred-sixteen patients with schizophrenia were included in the study. Measurements of MS were calculated in all patients. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) were applied. The frequency of MS according to IDF criteria was 42.2 % among the patients. There was no significant difference between patients with and without MS in terms of age. The ratios of MS were 62.5 % for the group taking typical and atypical antipsychotics together and 35.7 % for the group taking two or more atypical antipsychotics together. The duration of disorder in patients with MS was higher than those without MS. Furthermore there was no significant difference between the schizophrenic patients with and without MS, in terms of PSP scores. Our findings showed that the duration of illness, high scores of BMI, use of clozapine or concurrent use of typical and atypical antipsychotics, depressive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia were significant risk factors for the development of MS.Yayın Şizofreni tanılı hastalara birincil bakım veren bireylerin duygu dışavurumu açısından değerlendirilmesi(Işık Üniversitesi, 2017-06-05) Algönül, Özde; Çam Çelikel, Feryal; Işık Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Klinik Psikoloji Yüksek Lisans ProgramıProblemin Tanımı: Şizofreni hasta bireyi etkilediği gibi hastaya bakım veren ve birlikte yaşamakta olduğu bireyleri de etkileyen bir hastalıktır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, şizofreni tanılı hastalara birincil bakım veren bireylerin duygu dışavurumlarının incelenmesi ve hastaların hangi klinik özellikleri ile ilişkili olduğunun araştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: Çalışmada, şizofreni tanısı almış olan hastaların ve bu hastalara birincil bakım vermekte olan kişilerin özellikleri araştırılarak bakım verenlerin duygu dışavurumları açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemi, Bakırköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nde yatarak ve ayaktan tedavi görmekte olan 53 şizofreni tanılı hasta ve bu hastalara birincil olarak bakım veren 53 katılımcıdan oluşmaktadır. Veriler, Hastaya Ait Özellikler Bilgi Formu, Bakım Verene Ait Özellikler Bilgi Formu, Duygu Dışavurumu Ölçeği (DDÖ), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Hasta grubunun 28’i kadın ve 25’i erkektir ve yaş ortalaması 40,98±12,82’dir. Bakım veren grubunun ise 35’i kadın 18’i erkek olup yaş ortalaması 49,34±15,15’tir ve 23’ü hastanın ebeveynidir. Ebeveyn bakım verenlerde DDÖ’nün düşmancıl/eleştirel oluş (EDO) puanlarının diğer bakım verenlere oranla anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bakım verenler arasında, kadın, çalışma hayatı olmayan ve hastanın ebeveyni olan bireylerde BDÖ ve BAÖ puanlarının erkek ve çalışma hayatı olan bakım verenlere oranla anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Şizofreni başlangıç yaşı daha küçük olan hastaların bakım verenlerinin, başlangıç yaşı daha yüksek olanlara oranla DDÖ toplam puanlarının anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Hastaneye yatışı olan şizofreni hastalarına bakım verenlerin DDÖ puanlarının, hastaneye yatışı olmayan hastaların bakım verenlerine oranla anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bakım veren grupta DDÖ toplam ve alt ölçek puanları ile BDÖ ve BAÖ arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Şizofreni hastalarının yaşları ile bakım veren bireylerin BDÖ ve BAÖ puanları arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Şizofreni hastalarının hastalık başlangıç yaşı ile bakım veren bireylerin DDÖ toplam, BDÖ ve BAÖ puanları arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Hastaneye yatış sayıları ile hastalara bakım verenlerin DDÖ toplam puanları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Özetle çalışmamızda, şizofreni tanılı hastalara bakım veren bireylerin duygu dışavurumlarının, hastaların hastalık başlangıç yaşı, hastaneye yatış sıklığı ve bakım verenin hastanın kendi ebeveyni olması ilişkili bulunmuştur.Yayın A clinical case of treatment-resistant schizophrenia: 60 hospitalizations and 342 ECT sessions in 36 years; lack of social support or undertreatment?(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2015-06) Cesur, Ender; Fıstıkçı, Nurhan; Dönmezler, Fadime Gizem; Saatçioğlu, İbrahim ÖmerIt is reported that between 20% and 25% of patients have schizophrenia that is resistant to treatment. The treatment resistance in schizophrenia is defined by many authorities. One of the generally accepted definitions is inadequate response despite treatment with different atypical antipsychotics, two or three times at least four-six weeks; the other acceptable one is although the use of two different typical or atypical antipsychotics in monotherapy during four-six weeks, inadequate treatment response is obtained. Duratian of hospitalization in treatment resistant cases is longer. In addition, when considering all the expenses and loss of functions, the cost of resistant cases to society is higher. 60 years old, women patient. She was hospitalized from emergency department where she came with his son, because of denial of treatment and homicidal intent. It is learned that age of onset was 24, disease began in a postpartum period, she was diagnosed with schizophrenia and she had 60 hospitalizations. Although clozapine, haloperidol, amisulpiride, risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole, quetiapine, chlorpromazine, sulpiride, zuclopenthixol, fluphenazine, lithium and valproate were used adequate doses and time; a total of 342 ECT sessions were administered; response or partial response was achieved, she had not achieved long-term functioning and well-being. In the most recent admission, she had significant improvement with clozapine 275 mg/day and valproat 1000 mg/day. Despite all treatment efforts, schizophrenic patient with excessive admissions and frequent recurrences is discussed.Yayın Treatment and long-term outcome of mental disorders: The grim picture from a quasi-epidemiological investigation in 54,826 subjects from 40 countries(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2025-06) Fountoulakis, Konstantinos N.; Karakatsoulis, Gregory; Abraham, Seri; Adorjan, Kristina; Uddin Ahmed, Helal; Alarcòn, Renato Daniel; Arai, Kiyomi; Auwal, Sani Salihu; Berk, Michael; Levaj, Sarah; Yılmaz Kafalı, HelinIntroduction: This study registered rates of specific treatment options for mental disorders as well as their long-term outcome. Material and methods: The history of mental disorders was used as a proxy for diagnosis. The data came from the COMET-G study (40 countries; 54,826 subjects, 64.73 % females, 35.45±13.51 years old). The analysis included descriptive statistics, Risk Ratios, t-tests, and ANCOVA's. Results: 24.14 % reported a history of any mental disorder (depression >12 %, non-affective psychosis and Bipolar disorder 1 % each, >20 % self-injury, >10 % had attempted suicide, 7.17 % illegal substance abuse). Most patients were not under any kind of treatment (59.44 %) and most were not receiving treatment as recommended (e.g. 90 % of Bipolar and 2/3 of psychotic patients). No treatment at all and psychotherapy as monotherapy were consistently related to poorer outcomes. In anxiety or depression, only antidepressant monotherapy and benzodiazepines, in Bipolar disorder only antipsychotic monotherapy in males and antidepressant monotherapy in females and in non-affective psychosis antipsychotics and psychotherapy in females only, were related to good outcomes. No treatment modality was related to a good outcome in those with a history of self-harm, suicidal attempts, or illegal substance use. Only depression and treatment with antidepressants were related to metabolic syndrome. Discussion: In the community, the overwhelming majority of mental patients do not receive appropriate treatment or, even worse, no treatment at all. The outcome is unfavourable for the majority and only a few selective treatment options seem to make a difference.Yayın Analyzing language ability in first-episode psychosis and their unaffected siblings: a diffusion tensor imaging tract-based spatial statistics analysis study(Elsevier Ltd, 2024-11) Çabuk, Tuğçe; Şahin Çevik, Didenur; Çakmak, Işık Batuhan; Yılmaz Kafalı, Helin; Şenol, Bedirhan; Avcı, Hanife; Karlı Oğuz, Kader; Toulopoulou, TimotheaSchizophrenia (SZ) is a highly heritable mental disorder, and language dysfunctions play a crucial role in diagnosing it. Although language-related symptoms such as disorganized speech were predicted by the polygenic risk for SZ which emphasized the common genetic liability for the disease, few studies investigated possible white matter integrity abnormalities in the language-related tracts in those at familial high-risk for SZ. Also, their results are not consistent. In this current study, we examined possible aberrations in language-related white matter tracts in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP, N = 20), their siblings (SIB, N = 20), and healthy controls (CON, N = 20) by applying whole-brain Tract-Based Spatial Statistics and region-of-interest analyses. We also assessed language ability by Thought and Language Index (TLI) using Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) pictures and verbal fluency to see whether the scores of these language tests would predict the differences in these tracts. We found significant alterations in language-related tracts such as inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) and uncinate fasciculus (UF) among three groups and between SIB and CON. We also proved partly their relationship with the language test as indicated by the significant correlation detected between TLI Impoverished thought/language sub-scale and ILF. We could not find any difference between FEP and CON. These results showed that the abnormalities, especially in the ILF and UF, could be important pathophysiological vulnerability indexes of schizophrenia. Further studies are required to understand better the role of language as a possible endophenotype in schizophrenia with larger samples.Yayın Formal thought disorder and familial risk in first-episode psychosis: A study of cortical thickness and neuroimaging-transcriptomic association analysis(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2026-01-16) Çabuk, Tuğçe; Zhang, Yuanchao; Palaniyappan, Lena; Şahin Çevik, Didenur; Avcı, Hanife; Çakmak, Işık Batuhan; Yılmaz Kafalı, Helin; Şenol, Bedirhan; Karlı Oğuz, Kader; Toulopoulou, TimotheaFormal thought disorder (FTD), a prominent feature of schizophrenia, encompasses disruptions in thought, language, and communication. This study examines cortical thickness (CT) alterations in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients (N = 24), their siblings (SIB) (N = 21), and healthy controls (CON) (N = 21) to explore potential neural correlates of FTD. Using structural MRI, we analyzed whole-brain CT and its relationship with positive and negative FTD measured by Thought and Language Index. Out-of-sample spatial correlations of gene expression with regional CT were also performed using a transcriptomic dataset. FEP had significant CT reductions in right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) compared with SIB and CON and in superior frontal gyrus (SFG) compared to CON; but SIB did not differ from CON. GLM analyses demonstrated that negative FTD exerted a significant main effect on CT in the MFG and SFG. By contrast, positive FTD showed no significant associations with CT. Neuroimaging-transcriptomic association analysis identified key biological pathways linked to cortical morphology. These findings emphasize the specific association between negative FTD and CT alterations in frontal brain regions, confirming prior reports. Future research should examine larger cohorts and investigate additional FTD subtypes to further elucidate neural correlates and potential familial risks of schizophrenia.Yayın Validation and normative data study for the Turkish version of the movie for the assessment of social cognition (MASC-TR)(Oxford University Press, 2026-02-05) Şandor, Serra; Hıdıroğlu-Ongun, Ceren; Tanfer, Mehmet Can; Gürkaş, Sena; Bora, Emre; Yıldırım, ElifObjective This study aimed to adapt the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) into Turkish (MASC-TR), examine its psychometric properties, and establish normative data. Additionally, the study investigated the discriminative validity of the MASC-TR in differentiating individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from healthy controls. Methods The sample comprised 228 healthy adults and 29 individuals with ASD aged 18–45 years. Participants completed the MASC-TR along with established measures of theory of mind (ToM)—the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) and the Faux Pas Recognition Test (FPRT)—as well as non-social cognitive tasks assessing attention, working memory, and executive functions. Reliability analyses included internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Construct validity was assessed via convergent and discriminant correlations. Group comparisons and receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to evaluate discriminative validity, while multifactorial analysis of variance and regression analyses examined demographic effects. Results The MASC-TR demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α=0.75) and excellent test–retest reliability (ICC=0.98). Significant positive correlations with RMET and FPRT supported convergent validity. Education level emerged as the only significant demographic predictor of MASC-TR performance. The MASC-TR successfully differentiated individuals with ASD from controls (t=−3.87, p<.001), with an optimal cutoff of 23.5 yielding 97% sensitivity and 52% specificity (area under the curve=0.72). Conclusions The findings indicate that the MASC-TR is a valid and reliable measure of social cognition in Turkish adults. The availability of culturally adapted normative data enhances its clinical and research utility for assessing ToM functioning across populations.
