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Yayın Satisfaction of high education students with blackboard learning system during COVID-19(Işık Üniversitesi, 2022-04) Ayyadumi, Yasser Abdullah Mohsen; Falcıoğlu, Pınar; Işık Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Yöneticiler İçin İşletme Yönetimi (İngilizce) Yüksek Lisans ProgramıWith the advent of the novel COVID-19 disease, the world has become facing an extraordinary situation that has changed the course of normal human life upside down and pushed them towards compulsory, recent technology-based alternative solutions, educational life is an integral part of that. The higher education institutions in Turkey rushed from the first moments to avoid the disruption of education process, and transformed into the full-fledged online learning system. Therefore, the current study addressed aims to investigate ‘How satisfied with the transformation to Blackboard Learning System BLS for high education students, Istanbul-Turkey, during COVID-19 disease period 2020 are’ through a comparison of undergraduate and postgraduate students’ perceptions via thirty items divided into six axes, which are included in a single model. An online questionnaire survey sent through BLS itself and WhatsApp was filled out by a total of 294 student respondents, wherein afterwards an inferential and descriptive study with quantitative approach has been employed for analyzing their perceptions. The findings are indicative that the Usefulness, Engagement, Communication and Ease of Use, Self-efficacy, and Challenges axes respectively have a statistically significant effect on students’ perceptions concerning satisfaction with the BLS. As the Usefulness and Engagement axes have the highest contribution to students’ satisfaction with the BLS, unlike, the Challenges axis has the least contribution. It can be reported that the transformation into BLS during COVID-19 disease period is satisfactory for higher education students. With superiority of postgraduate students’ perceptions, in terms of Self-efficacy, Communication and Ease of Use and Challenges axes, along with a clear supremacy of the postgraduate students’ perceptions over the Overall axes level. Moreover, all demographic dimensions except gender, place of the living, the kind of device preferred and the willingness in using BLS in the future, influence the undergraduate and postgraduate students’ perceptions. An ease of use and communication, increased self-efficacy, flexibility, availability, accessibility, transferability, affordability, interactivity, saving-time moderately and positive changes of students’ life are shown to be the most traits the BLS has. Unlike, BLS, while effective, gives rise to a sense of isolation, lack of concentration, the reluctance of attendance, plus fairly vulnerability of participation, which are demonstrated to be the most drawbacks in The BLS. Some recommendations might contribute to successful implementation and satisfying use of BLS have been suggested.Yayın The urban and architectural characteristics of Voyvoda street from past to present(Konya Technical Univ, 2021-06) Seçmen, Serengül; Süyük Makaklı, ElifPurpose: Voyvoda Street in Galata district of Istanbul originated centuries ago at the inner walls of the medieval city and was one of the most significant of its era, which has preserved its unique character and urban identity. In the nineteenth century, it became an important financial axis for the city. This study aims to understand the factors which determined the axial character of Voyvoda Street and its urban identity. The street, which is under the influence of new dynamics is examined in relation to spatial and functional transformation. Design/Methodology/Approach: The analysis was developed by two essential components: the street and the buildings that define the character of the street by its architectural components, and their functional transformation since the nineteenth century. The axial character of the street has been evaluated due to selected criteria. The data is based on literature review, the survey of historical maps, visual materials such as photographs and gravure prints, and on-site observations. Findings: The street has been shaped and transformed by social, political, and economic developments, external and internal migrations, the influence of modernist architectural movements, urban reforms, Western innovations in transportation, and technical developments. Voyvoda Street's strong character as an axis is determined by its historical buildings, which are attached to each other continuously that form a wall defining the boundaries of the street. It is one of the essential pedestrian connections and functions as a path. Since most of the buildings lost their original functions, following the re-use for various needs, the service and cultural industries have become dominant. Although the historical characters of some buildings have been changed by new additions, the original silhouette of the nineteenth century is still dominant. Research Limitations/Implications: Visual materials and resources of some buildings were available in detail, while for some of them, the materials were limited. Originality/Value: The previous studies concentrated on urban, and architectural aspects of Galata district as a whole, whereas this study focused on the urban identity of Voyvoda Street. The street and the historical buildings that define the axial character and the image of the street by its architectural components, and their functional transformation have been analyzed.Yayın 1960 sonrası çağdaş sanatta suyun kullanımı(Işık Üniversitesi, 2019-08-22) Andırın, Mine; Kara Sarıoğlu, Didem; Işık Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sanat Kuramı ve Eleştiri Yüksek Lisans ProgramıTarih boyunca insanoğlu, canlılığının devamı için, varlığına muhtaçlığı sebebiyle suya yakın olmuştur. İlk yerleşim yerlerini su kenarlarına kurmuş, hastalıklarına şifayı suda aramış, kimi zaman da suyun gücünden korkarak suyu kutsallaştırmıştır. İnsanlık tarihinde büyük öneme sahip olan su, sanatçıları da etkilemiştir. Su kavramı, manzara resimleri ve mitolojik betimlemelerle, sanat tarihinde sıklıkla karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu tez çalışması, suyu salt bir malzeme veya tamamlayıcı unsur olarak görmeyip, kavramsal olarak ele alan çağdaş sanatçıların 1960 sonrası eserlerinde onu nasıl bir ifade aracına dönüştürdüklerini incelemektedir. Konu ele alınırken tarih boyunca insanoğlunun suya olan yaklaşımı araştırılmıştır. Suyun fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri, felsefe, mitoloji ve dinler tarihindeki yeri ve yaşamsal süreçteki önemi araştırılmış, devamında suyun çağdaş sanatçıların 1960 sonrası eserlerinde sanatçılar tarafından nasıl işlendiği analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma boyunca görülmüştür ki, 1960 sonrası sanat üretiminde suyun farklı halleri olmasından yararlanarak değişim ve dönüşümü ortaya koyan süreçlerin sergilendiği, gaz halinde mekana yayılmasının izleyeni deneyimleyene dönüştürdüğü saptanmış ve sanatçıların çalışmalarında suyu kullanma sebeplerinin farklı halleri olmasından, hayati öneminden kaynaklandığı tespit edilmiştir.Yayın Co-registration of 3d point clouds by using an errors-in-variables model(Copernicus Gesellschaft MBH, 2012-08-25) Aydar, Umut; Altan, Mehmet Orhan; Akyılmaz, Orhan; Akça, Mehmet DevrimCo-registration of point clouds of partially scanned objects is the first step of the 3D modeling workflow. The aim of co-registration is to merge the overlapping point clouds by estimating the spatial transformation parameters. In the literature, one of the most popular methods is the ICP (Iterative Closest Point) algorithm and its variants. There exist the 3D least squares (LS) matching methods as well. In most of the co-registration methods, the stochastic properties of the search surfaces are usually omitted. This omission is expected to be minor and does not disturb the solution vector significantly. However, the a posteriori covariance matrix will be affected by the neglected uncertainty of the function values. This causes deterioration in the realistic precision estimates. In order to overcome this limitation, we propose a new method where the stochastic properties of both (template and search) surfaces are considered under an errors-in-variables (EIV) model. The experiments have been carried out using a close range laser scanning data set and the results of the conventional and EIV types of the ICP matching methods have been compared.Yayın The recurrence of an Indian dream, Magic Seeds(Cyprus International University, 2021) Edman, Timuçin Buğra; Boynukara, Hasan; Gözen, HacerMagic Seeds is a work of fiction, but it also serves as a reflection of the real world, the history of India, where value judgments in a society return to their starting point only by reforming in accordance with the reconstruction of a given society. Willie, who is in search of identity and a home, finds the remedy in joining the guerrilla order. However, here, he fights through the shadow of the past, which he can never escape. The shadow of the past is the hierarchy itself, and this article explores the never-ending transformation of hierarchy, anarchism, and the search for order through the novel Magic Seeds. This article is a comparative study of the novel Magic Seeds, and history, the Naxalite movement in India from the 1960s until the early 2000s. Through the historical revolutionary Naxalite movement and a political association of the Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of India in West Bengal in 1960s, this study also reveals why an anarchic movement apparently returns to its starting point, and legs behind the decolonization or reconstruction of a society due to the deep-rooted and pre-structured hierarchy in a society by considering the terms humanization, dehumanization, hierarchy, cast system, anarchism, transformation and reconstruction.Yayın Aeolian imprints of multiple Mediterranean invasions of the Black Sea during Pleistocene(Elsevier B.V., 2022-03-04) Erginal, Ahmet Evren; Güneç Kıyak, Nafiye; Makaroğlu, Özlem; Bozcu, Mustafa; Öztürk, Muhammed Zeynel; Selim, Haluk Hamit; Nowacyzk, Norbert R.; Kaya, Nurcan; Öztürk, Tuğba; Karabıyıkoğlu, Mustafa; Polymeris, Georgios S.Climate changes determined the repeated connections between the Black Sea, Caspian Sea and Mediterranean Sea. The landlocked anoxic Black Sea basin was exposed to several transgressions throughout Quaternary by the Mediterranean Sea through the Straits of Istanbul (Bosphorus) and by the Caspian Sea through the Manych-Kerch spillway. Sedimentological records of these connections are limited mostly to the marine terrace deposits of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e while the pre-MIS 5e period remains uncertain due to a lack of robust facies and chronological data from deep-sea sedimentary sequences. Here we discuss the imprints of multiple Mediterranean transgressions during Middle Pleistocene in the Black Sea based on facies analysis and the optical age of coastal carbonate aeolianites. Contrary to today's hydro-climate of the Black Sea, the aeolianites bear witness to the transformation of the Black Sea into a warm inland sea during successive Mediterranean invasions. Prior to the onset of aeolian deposition, paleosols were formed on the Eocene-aged hardened sandy silts, suggesting strongly washed soil. This is evidenced by no calcium carbonate and a high Rb/Sr ratio, with quartz amounting to of 99.8%. According to our OSL ages, carbonates deposited on the shelf plain under higher temperature and increased evaporation conditions in MIS 15 and the later interglacial phases were transported to the coastal sand dunes during the transitional phases of MIS 15–14, MIS 13–12, MIS 11–10 and MIS 9–8. We suggest that the carbonate-rich and ooid-containing aeolianites were repeatedly formed in the multiple Mediterranean transgression stages, beginning with an increasingly severe dry phase following the Brunhes-Matuyama magnetic reversal.Yayın How does multi-level governance create capacity to address refugee needs, and with what limitations? an analysis of municipal responses to Syrian refugees in Istanbul(Oxford University Press, 2022-03) Karakaya Polat, Rabia; Lowndes, VivienA multi-level governance (MLG) framework is used to investigate how municipalities in Turkey have coped with the arrival of 3.6 million Syrians amid limited resources, an ambiguous legal framework, and changing national policy priorities. Qualitative research in Istanbul, which hosts the largest number of refugees, shows how municipalities have generated capacity by working with actors at other governance levels and in non-governmental spaces, via formal and informal networks. MLG arrangements did not however imply the retreat of a powerful central state. Rather, they were decisively influenced by existing power relations and governing traditions, specifically a strong state, weak local government, and mistrust of civil society. The research illuminates the complex, and sometimes surprising, relationships between tiers and spheres of governance in shaping local responses to refugee needs. The research demonstrates the explanatory power of MLG in a highly centralized unitary state, outside of the democratic (and mostly federal) contexts where it is usually applied.Yayın Debating voter defection in Turkey(Routledge, 2023-10-20) Balta, Evren; Demiralp, Seda; Demiralp, SelvaThis study examines patterns of voter defection from Turkey’s incumbent AKP amid major economic and democratic decline. As in other electoral autocracies, defectors constitute a small but politically significant group in Turkey, where the opposition’s ability to secure a transition from authoritarianism depends on reducing the incumbent’s vote share. Based on survey data gathered in November 2021 and February 2022, we find that while the high level of partizanship among AKP voters hinders defection, persistent economic and democratic decline still reduces incumbent support. We also found that defections are higher outside of the lowest income group. Our findings have important implications for opposition strategies in electoral autocracies. Directing public debate away from identity issues to economic and democratic problems increases the likelihood of defection. In addition, offering voters clear superior alternatives decreases the cost of uncertainty that comes with change and increases the likelihood of defection.Yayın Turkey’s struggle with the PKK and civilian control over the Turkish Armed Forces(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016-05-03) Kayhan Pusane, ÖzlemAlthough most scholars of Turkey’s civil-military relations argue that the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) insurgency has led to a decrease in civilian control over the Turkish military from the 1980s onwards, this has not always been the case. This article argues that the presence or the degree of the PKK threat is not sufficient to explain the civil-military balance of power in Turkey throughout the 1980s and the 1990s. Instead, the article shows that in the face of the PKK threat, three major factors have influenced the behaviours of both civilian and military policy-makers in Turkey and shaped the level of civilian control. These factors are first, the Turkish political leaders’ control over their political parties and these parties’ control of a majority of seats in the parliament; second, how negatively or positively the military perceives the political leadership; and third, European Union pressures for democratisation.Yayın A hierarchical definitional framework for a heterogeneous context: housing typologies in Tirana, Albania(Emerald Group Holdings Ltd., 2022-04-29) Manahasa, Edmond; Özsoy, Fatma Ahsen; Manahasa, Odeta DurmishiPurpose: The proposed definitional framework can be used to define housing typologies of cities in developing countries. It aims to define housing typologies in the capital city of Albania, Tirana, using the proposed hierarchical framework within the dynamics of four political periods: Ottoman, establishment, socialist and postsocialist. Design/methodology/approach: This study proposes a new definitional approach for the housing typologies through a hierarchical framework that defines the typologies based on their political period and legality statuses departing from the case of Tirana, which is featured by a heterogeneous context. Such context is characterized by uncontrollable urban development, making typology definition problematic. Furthermore, beyond the form, spatial and functional features, it presents their exterior distinctiveness as an innovative element. The methodology used in the study includes archival research, image documentation, spatial, functional and exterior distinctiveness analysis of housing typologies and exploration of housing form features in different political periods. Findings: The study identifies urban formal housing typologies in Tirana detached houses, apartments, mass housing, social housing, gated communities, informal detached houses and housing with in/formal additions. Originality/value: This definitional approach can be used to define housing typologies for cities featured by heterogeneous urban context.
