Integration of 2D CMUT arrays with front-end electronics for volumetric ultrasound imaging
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2008-02
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
IEEE-INST Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
For three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound imaging, connecting elements of a two-dimensional (2D) transducer array to the imaging system's front-end electronics is a challenge because of the large number of array elements and the small element size. To compactly connect the transducer array with electronics, we flip-chip bond a 2D 16 x 16-element capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) array to a custom-designed integrated circuit (IC). Through-wafer interconnects are used to connect the CMUT elements on the top side of the array with flip-chip bond pads on the back side. The IC provides a 25-V pulser and a transimpedance preamplifier to each element of the array. For each of three characterized devices, the element yield is excellent (99 to 100% of the elements are functional). Center frequencies range from 2.6 MHz to 5.1 MHz. For pulse-echo operation, the average -6-dB fractional bandwidth is as high as 125%. Transmit pressures normalized to the face of the transducer are as high as 339 kPa and input-referred receiver noise is typically 1.2 to 2.1 mPa/root Hz. The flip-chip bonded devices were used to acquire 3D synthetic aperture images of a wire-target phantom. Combining the transducer array and IC, as shown in this paper, allows for better utilization of large arrays, improves receive sensitivity, and may lead to new imaging techniques that depend on transducer arrays that are closely coupled to IC electronics.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Real-time, 2-dimensional arrays, Transducers, System, Interconnect, Fabrication, Technology, Circuit, Design, Algorithms, Electronics, Medical, Equipment design, Equipment failure analysis, Image enhancement, Image interpretation, Computer-assisted, Imaging, Three-dimensional, Reproducibility of results, Sensitivity and specificity, Signal processing, Systems integration, Ultrasonography, Array processing, Capacitance, Electronic equipment, Synthetic aperture radar, Two dimensional, Ultrasonics, Input-referred receiver noise, Transducer arrays, Wire-target phantom, Computer assisted diagnosis, Echography, Electronics, Equipment, Evaluation, Image enhancement, Instrumentation, Methodology, Reproducibility, Sensitivity and specificity, System analysis, Three dimensional imaging, Ultrasonic transducers
Kaynak
IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control
WoS Q Değeri
Q1
Scopus Q Değeri
Q1
Cilt
55
Sayı
2
Künye
Wygant, I. O., Zhuang, X., Yeh, D. T., Oralkan, Ö., Ergun, A. Ş., Karaman, M. & Khuri-Yakub, B. T. (2008). Integration of 2D CMUT arrays with front-end electronics for volumetric ultrasound imaging. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 55(2), 327 - 342. doi:10.1109/TUFFC.2008.652
