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Yayın Are your cross-ethnic friends ethnic and/or national group identifiers?The role of own and perceived cross-ethnic friend's identities on outgroup attitudes and multiculturalism(Wiley, 2018-02-01) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Çelebi, ElifWe investigated how own ethnic and national identities and perceived ethnic and national identities of close cross-ethnic friends may predict outgroup attitudes and multiculturalism among Turkish (majority status, N=197) and Kurdish (minority status, N=80) ethnic group members in Turkey (M-age=21.12, SD=2.59, 69.7% females, 30.3% males). Compared with Turkish participants, Kurdish participants were more asymmetrical in rating their cross-ethnic friend's identities relative to their own, reporting higher ethnic identity, but lower national identity for themselves. Own ethnic identity was negatively associated with attitudes and multiculturalism, whereas own national identity was positively associated with only attitudes. Perceived cross-ethnic friend's national identity was positively related to both outgroup attitudes and multiculturalism. Shared national identification (high levels of own and friend's national identity) led to most positive outgroup attitudes and highest support for multiculturalism. Findings were discussed in the light of social identity and common ingroup identity models.Yayın I (dis)like the way you (dis)like them: The role of extended contact on social distance and attitudes towards the ingroup(Wiley, 2020-04) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Stathi, Sofia; Vezzali, Loris; Türnüklü, Abbas; Piyale, Zeynep EcemWhile extended intergroup contact has been commonly studied in the context of prejudice reduction, less is known about its implications for processes related to the ingroup. Through three correlational and one experimental studies (total N = 897) conducted in two different intergroup contexts (Turkey and United Kingdom), we investigated whether extended intergroup contact relates to social distance and attitudes towards ingroup members as a function of outgroup attitudes. We also investigated ingroup identification and perceived ingroup morality as potential mediators in these associations. Correlational studies demonstrated that especially when outgroup attitudes were more negative, participants' positive (but not negative) extended contact was related to a more negative evaluation of the ingroup; whereas when outgroup attitudes were more positive, extended contact was associated with positive attitudes towards the ingroup. We found experimental evidence for the suggested relationships in relation to ingroup social distance. Findings are discussed in the light of vicarious dissonance theory and deprovincialization hypothesis.Yayın Suriyeli sığınmacılarda Türklerle temas ve psikolojik iyi oluş ilişkisinde aracı değişkenler(Sanat ve Dil Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, 2019-10-10) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Canpolat, EsraSon yıllarda Türkiye’de ve dünyada artan göç sayısı ile birlikte, farklı gruplar arasındaki ilişkileri düzenlemek ve uyum sürecinde çeşitli zorluklar yaşayan göçmen, sığınmacı ve mülteci grupların psikolojik iyi oluşlarını arttırabilmek adına gruplararası temasın etki mekanizmasının anlaşılması bir gereklilik haline gelmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Suriyeli sığınmacıların Türklerle temasının psikolojik iyi oluşlarıyla ilişkisinde gruplararası kaygı, içgrupla özdeşleşme ve toplumsal kabullenilmenin aracı rolünü incelemektir. Toplamda 163 Suriyeli katılımcı (88 kadın, 75 erkek) gruplararası temas, gruplararası kaygı, çoklu-grup kimlikle özdeşleşme, toplumsal kabullenilme ve psikolojik büyüme ölçeklerini cevaplandırmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, olumlu temasın gruplararası kaygı ile olumsuz, içgrup kimlikle özdeşleşme ve toplumsal kabullenme ile olumlu yönde ilişkili olduğuna dair bulgular elde edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, gruplararası kaygı, kimlikle özdeşleşme ve toplumsal kabullenilme psikolojik iyi oluşu anlamlı şekilde yordamaktadır. Gruplararası temas ve psikolojik iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkinin doğrudan anlamlı olmadığı; ancak bu ilişkinin üç aracı değişken aracılığıyla dolaylı olarak anlamlı olduğu bulunmuştur. Bulgular Suriyeli sığınmacıların Türklerle olumlu temasının psikolojik iyi oluşlarına olumlu katkısının altını çizmektedir.Yayın Does everyone benefit equally from self-efficacy beliefs? The moderating role of perceived social support on motivation(Sage Publications Inc, 2018-02) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat ÇiğdemThis study investigated whether perceived goal support from family and friends may moderate the relationship between academic self-efficacy and motivational outcomes among early adolescent students recruited from a low-middle socio-economic status(SES) background school in Turkey (N = 319, Xa(ge) = 13.13, SD = .80). Self-report questionnaires included measures of academic self-efficacy, perceived family and friend support, and academic and career motivations. Academic self-efficacy and perceived support from family related positively to both types of motivation. Children who perceived lower family support benefited more from the positive effects of self-efficacy on motivations, whereas children with higher family support seemed to gain less (or not gain at all) from self-enhancing functions of self-efficacy. Same findings were found for peer support, but only when family support was excluded from analyses. Findings implied the need to study larger family and peer contexts under which self-efficacy beliefs may be more or less effective on motivation.Yayın Imagined contact facilitates acculturation, sometimes: contradicting evidence from two sociocultural contexts(Educational Publishing Foundation-American Psychological Assoc, 2019-10) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Piyale, Zeynep Ecem; Stathi, SofiaObjective: Imagined intergroup contact has been shown to be an effective tool to improve intergroup relationships in various settings, yet the application of the strategy among minority group members and across cultures has been scarce. The current research aimed to test imagined contact effects on minority group members' acculturation strategies (contact participation and culture maintenance), perceived discrimination, feelings of belongingness, and social acceptance across three studies conducted in the United Kingdom (Study 1) and Turkey (Studies 2 and 3). Method: The sample consisted of Eastern Europeans in Study 1 (N = 63) and Kurds in Study 2 and 3 (N = 66 and 210, respectively). Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 conditions (control vs. imagined contact) and completed measures of acculturation, perceived discrimination, general belongingness, and social acceptance. Results: Findings showed that while imagined contact significantly reduced perceived discrimination and culture maintenance, and increased contact participation and social acceptance among Eastern Europeans (Study 1), it reduced social acceptance and contact participation among Kurds recruited from a conflict-ridden homogeneous setting (Study 2). With a larger and more heterogeneous sample of Kurds (Study 3), these effects occurred only among those with higher ingroup identification. Moreover, in all studies social acceptance mediated the effects of imagined contact on contact participation and perceived discrimination. Discussion. Findings offer important insights about the use of the imagined contact strategy among minority group members and imply the need to take into account the context-dependent nature of contact strategies.Yayın Investigating the role of E-contact and self-disclosure on improving Turkish-Kurdish interethnic relations(Wiley, 2021-06) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Güvensoy, İpek; Turner, Rhiannon; White, Fiona Ann; Piyale, Zeynep EcemWhile recent research has started to pay more attention to the role of contact strategies on promoting intergroup harmony between Turkish and Kurdish communities, the effectiveness of a novel form of indirect contact strategy, E-contact—where participants engage in a cooperative and structured online interaction with an individual from the outgroup—has not yet been tested. Across two studies (NStudy 1 = 110, NStudy 2 = 176), we investigated the effects of E-contact among Turks on promoting positive attitudes and behavioral tendencies toward Kurds, testing outgroup trust and intergroup anxiety as mediators and incorporating a distinction between lower and higher self-disclosure conditions. As expected, E-contact led to more positive outgroup attitudes, as well as greater approach tendencies and decreased avoidance tendencies through increased outgroup trust (Studies 1 and 2) and reduced intergroup anxiety (Study 2). Study 2 also found that E-contact produced lower perceived interethnic conflict through increased outgroup trust. While both lower and higher personal disclosure conditions provided similar effects in the two studies, E-contact with heightened self-disclosure was especially effective at promoting more positive outgroup attitudes and reducing avoidance tendencies. Findings highlight potential benefits of using E-contact as a prejudice-reduction strategy in conflict settings.Yayın Lise öğrencilerinde akademik ve üniversite sınavına yönelik öz-yeterliğin yordayıcıları(Mustafa Süleyman Özcan, 2017-09-16) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat ÇiğdemBu araştırmanın amacı lise öğrencileri arasında akademik öz-yeterlik ve üniversite sınavına yönelik öz-yeterlik kavramlarının öğrenci, okul ve sosyal çevre odaklı yordayıcılarını saptamaktır. Bu amaçla 9. ve 10. sınıf lise öğrencilerinden oluşan (N = 129) bir örnekleme demografik bilgiler (cinsiyet, sosyo-ekonomik seviye), akademik ve üniversite sınavına yönelik öz-yeterlik, sınav kaygısı, akademik adanmışlık (davranışsal ve duygusal), okul aidiyeti ile aile ve akran akademik desteği ölçeklerini içeren bir anket formu dağıtılmıştır. Çoklu regresyon sonuçları, her iki öz-yeterlik kavramının da en önemli yordayıcısının duygusal akademik adanmışlık olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, aile desteğinin ve okul aidiyetinin her iki sonuç değişkeni ile de olumlu olarak ilişkili olduğu saptanmış, sınav kaygısının yalnızca üniversite sınavına yönelik öz-yeterlik ile olumsuz olarak ilişkili olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuçlar öğrencilerin güncel ve gelecekteki akademik öz-yeterlik durumlarında, akademik aktivitelere davranışsal olarak adanmaktan ziyade (dikkat ve çaba), duygusal olarak adanmalarının (ilgi ve zevk alma) önemini vurgulamakta, uygulayıcıların akademik hayatı sevdirme konusunda çalışmalar yürütmelerinin gerekliliğini hatırlatmaktadır.Yayın Collective victimhood beliefs among majority and minority groups: Links to ingroup and outgroup attitudes and attribution of responsibility for conflict(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018-09) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Piyale, Zeynep Ecem; Karaköse Çelik, Selin; Şen, EzgiWe examined perceived ingroup and outgroup victimhood beliefs across group status and how these were uniquely associated with ingroup and outgroup attitudes and attribution of responsibility among majority (Turkish, N = 141) and minority (Kurdish, N = 86) group members in Turkey. We further explored whether the extent to which collective victimhood beliefs were shared via ingroup and outgroup members predicted our dependent measures beyond the subjective perception of ingroup victimhood. Findings showed that both groups perceived higher ingroup victimhood compared to outgroup victimhood and this difference was more pronounced among the minority group. Perceived outgroup victimhood beliefs, compared to ingroup victimhood beliefs, were more closely related to intergroup outcomes, and led to more positive outgroup and more negative ingroup outcomes. Both groups shared collective victimhood beliefs more with their ingroup friends than their outgroup friends and ingroup sharing of collective victimhood was a stronger predictor of intergroup outcomes, relating to more positive ingroup and more negative outgroup outcomes. Outgroup sharing of collective victimhood was related to more positive outgroup attitudes and lower ingroup responsibility among the Turkish group, whereas it was not related to outgroup attitudes and negatively related to ingroup attribution of responsibility among the Kurdish group. Practical and theoretical implications of the findings were discussed.Yayın Cross-group friendships and outgroup attitudes among Turkish–Kurdish ethnic groups: does perceived interethnic conflict moderate the friendship-attitude link?(Wiley, 2017-02) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Çelebi, ElifWe investigated associations between cross-group friendships, perceived interethnic conflict, and outgroup attitudes in the context of intractable Turkish–Kurdish conflict in Turkey. Measures of cross-group friendship quantity, perceived conflict, outgroup attitudes, multiculturalism, and outgroup responsibility for conflict were completed by Turkish (N = 320) and Kurdish (N = 153) participants (Mage = 21, 156 males, 317 females). Both cross-group friendships and perceived conflict were related to outcome variables. While cross-group friendships were beneficial for both groups’ outgroup attitudes when perceived conflict was lower; when perceived conflict level was higher, positive associations between friendships and attitudes became non-significant for the Turkish group and negative for the Kurdish group. Implications of the findings for the intergroup contact theory have been discussed.Yayın When imagining intergroup contact mobilizes collective action: The perspective of disadvantaged and advantaged groups(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2019-03) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Stathi, Sofia; Piyale, Zeynep EcemThe current studies aimed to reveal the potential role of imagined intergroup contact on collective action tendencies within a context of intergroup conflict. Study 1 (disadvantaged Kurds, N = 80) showed that imagined contact increased collective action tendencies and this effect was mediated by increased perceived discrimination and ethnic identification. Study 2 (advantaged Turks, N = 127) demonstrated that imagined contact also directly increased collective action tendencies, as well as perceived discrimination and relative deprivation among the advantaged group. No significant mediation emerged. At the same time, in line with literature, imagined contact led only the advantaged group members to display more positive outgroup attitudes. Findings suggest that in settings where ingroup identities and conflict are salient, imagined contact may not readily undermine motivation for social change among group members.
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