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Yayın How do local actors interpret, enact and contest policy? An analysis of local government responses to meeting the needs of Syrian refugees in Turkey(Routledge, 2022-05-04) Lowndes, Vivien; Karakaya Polat, RabiaAlthough 98% of Turkey’s 3.6 million Syrian refugees live outside camps, municipalities lack formal authority to initiate policies, while receiving no government funding for refugees. Drawing on interpretive policy analysis (IPA), the article unpacks the empirical puzzle of how formally weak local governments respond to refugee needs. IPA expects policy to be constituted through diverse sets of local meanings. Case studies in three districts in Istanbul revealed distinctive local narratives, some of which consolidated the national agenda of ‘hospitality’ while others focused on equal rights and integration. Municipal narratives reflected particular local contexts, selectively mobilizing deeper governing traditions. Local interpretations were enacted in specific approaches to refugee service delivery. Working with local NGOs, municipalities accessed international funds, despite national government’s vociferous critique of EU refugee policy. Even in an increasingly authoritarian setting, refugee policy was being constituted through multiple and contingent processes of local government interpretation.Yayın Turkey’s military victory over the PKK and its failure to end the PKK insurgency(Routledge journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015-09-03) Kayhan Pusane, ÖzlemThis article explores the major reasons why Turkey could not end the PKK insurgency despite its military defeat in the late 1990s. It argues that Turkish governments have failed to sufficiently address two key aspects of their low-intensity conflict with the PKK, namely the fact that the PKK is not just a group of armed militants, but rather a complex insurgent organization and that it appeals to a large number of Kurds. Turkey's inability to definitively quell the PKK insurgency raises significant questions regarding the justification and effectiveness of the use of military force in dealing with insurgencies.Yayın Europe, Turkey and the Middle East: Is harmonisation possible?(H.W. Wilson - Social Science Abstracts, 2006-09) Aras, Bülent; Bıçakcı, Ahmet SalihThe possibility of Turkey joining the European Union (EU) has generated much debate in both the EU and the Middle East--interest that Turkey has interpreted as a clear signal that it could be a powerful regional player. Indeed, Turkey's new ruling elite is sure that it can hold an active peacemaking role in the Middle East. Together, the EU and Turkey will be much stronger in the Middle East than either could be alone. Without the EU, Turkey would face the disadvantage of dealing with Middle East insecurity and instability by itself; the EU would miss the chance to embrace a democratic, Muslim country that already takes a pro-European stance in Middle East affairs. Therefore, harmonization of Turkish and EU policies is not only possible but, to a certain extent, necessary.Yayın Turkey's radical right and the Kurdish issue: The MHP's reaction to the "Democratic Opening"(2010-09) Celep, ÖdülTurkey's current government's 'democratic opening' project has led to a series of political discussions regarding the cause and resolve of the Kurdish issue. One major consequence of this debate has been the polarization of opinion between conservatives, represented by the ruling Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi, AKP) and nationalists, represented by the Nationalist Action Party (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi, MHP). This study elaborates on the major reasons for MHP's opposition to AKP on the 'democratic opening.' In doing so, the study examines the historical, ideological distinctions between the two parties and their perception of ethnic and linguistic differences in Turkish society. AKP comes from a political tradition that has been relatively more accommodating towards such differences. On the contrary, MHP has roots in an ethno-nationalist and mono-culturalist ideology, which can be observed in its denial of the identity component of the Kurdish issue.Yayın A contemporary analysis of intra-party democracy in Turkey's political parties(Routledge, 2021-09-03) Celep, ÖdülDespite Turkey's long-standing history of inter-party democracy, its political parties have remained distant from intra-party democracy (IPD). This study investigates the quality and level of Turkey's four big parties' IPD culture with a systematic, quantitative survey data collected from parties' district members in 2015. The data analysis demonstrates that despite its anti-systemic left-radicalism and alleged association with the armed groups, the Kurdish left (HDP) is relatively the most internally democratic party. The centre-left CHP has some edge owing to its limited use of primaries for candidate selection, yet it often comes secondary after the HDP. The two parties of the Turkish-Islamic right, AKP and MHP, are relatively more autocratic, sometimes indistinguishable. Despite the overwhelming effects of the failed coup and the system change with the 2017 referendum, the birth of new splinter parties such as the Good Party (IYI), Future Party and DEVA still points to potential future in-party dynamics that can help improve the IPD culture in Turkey.Yayın The Davutoglu era in Turkish foreign policy(Seta Foundation, 2009) Aras, BülentAhmet Davutoglu was appointed Turkish foreign minister on May 1, 2009. Chief advisor to the Turkish prime minister since 2002, Davutoglu is known as the intellectual architect of Turkish foreign policy under the AK Party. He articulated a novel foreign policy vision and succeeded, to a considerable extent, in changing the rhetoric and practice of Turkish foreign policy. Turkey's new dynamic and multidimensional foreign policy line is visible on the ground, most notably to date in the country's numerous and signifcant eforts to address chronic problems in neighboring regions. Davutoglu's duty will now shif from the intellectual design of policies to greater actual involvement in foreign policy as he undertakes his new responsibilities as minister of foreign afairs. Te Davutoglu era in Turkish foreign policy will deepen Turkey's involvement in regional politics, international organizations, and world politics.Yayın Countering insurgency: Turkey's policy toward the PKK's transnational dynamics in Europe(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018-01-02) Kayhan Pusane, Özlem; Ilgıt, AslıInsurgents often develop international connections and benefit from external assistance from a variety of sources. Support from diaspora communities has long been considered one of the critical external factors in the persistence of insurgent groups. Yet how the counterinsurgent state addresses external support from transnational ethnic communities and what factors influence the state's policies remain understudied. By focusing on the transnational political practices of the Kurdish community and the PKK in Western Europe, this paper examines how Turkey has addressed the diasporic support for the PKK since the 1980s. It shows that three major factors - the composition of foreign policy decision-makers, their ideological contestation over the Kurdish question, and the European political context - have affected Turkey's policy regarding the PKK's transnational dynamics in Europe.
