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Yayın Theoretical calculation of the kinetic coefficient of normal crystal growth(Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2004) Dimitrov, Ventzislav IvanovAn expression for the velocity u of migration of a diffuse simple crystal-melt interface has been derived on the basis of the theory of atomic mobility in supercooled liquids: u = K-0 (T / T-m) DeltaT, where DeltaT = T-m - T the undercooling below the melting point T-m; K-0 is the kinetic coefficient of atomic attachment, which is used in models of crystal growth. It has been calculated for a number of metals. u(max) = K0Tm / 4 is the theoretical limit of the velocity of crystal growth. For a number of FCC metals the theoretical limit of crystal growth has been found to be of order of 200 m/s. The crystal growth kinetics has been shown to be limited by the atomic self-diffusion in the interface, for which the strong dependence on the orientation of the crystal/melt interface has been explained.Yayın Temperature effect on drying and swelling of kappa carrageenan gels: A steady state fluorescence study(Wiley-V C H Verlag GMBH, 2008) Tarı İlgin, Özlem; Pekcan, Mehmet ÖnderA novel technique based on in situ steady state fluorescence (SSF) measurements is introduced for studying drying and swelling Of kappa(-) carrageenan (kappa carrageenan) gels at various temperatures. kappa(-) carrageenan gels were completely dried and then swelled in water vapor. Pyranine was embedded in kappa(-) carrageenan and used as a fluorescence probe. Scattered light intensities, I-SC and fluorescence intensities, I were monitored during the drying and swelling Of kappa(-) carrageenan gels. it was observed that the fluorescence intensity decreased linearly as drying time was increased. A simple model consisting of Case II diffusion was used to quantify the drying processes of the kappa(-) carrageenan gels. This moving boundary model provided packing constant, kappa(o). During swelling, fluorescence intensity increased exponentially as time is increased. The increase in I, was modeled using Li-Tanaka equation from which swelling time constants, tau(c) and cooperative diffusion coefficients, D-c were determined. It was observed that swelling time constants, tau(c) decreased and diffusion coefficients, D-c increased as the swelling temperature was increased. Activation energies for drying and swelling were also obtained and found to be 53.9 and 47.2 kJ mol(-1), respectively.Yayın Breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation in supercooled liquids(Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2004) Dimitrov, Ventzislav IvanovBreakdown of the Einstein-Stokes relation in undercooled liquids is one of the unsolved problems in the theory of liquids. The self-diffusion coefficient follows the temperature dependence of the Einstein-Stokes equation D = kT / 6pietar at high temperatures but only down to approximately 1.2T(g) (T-g - glass-temperature). Below 1.2T(g) the temperature behavior of the diffusion coefficient is weaker than 1/eta. In the present study we show that this is a consequence of increasing correlations in the Brownian motion of the constituting particles of the liquid. We derive a relation, which includes the Einstein-Stokes equation as a limiting case for high temperatures.Yayın Calix[4]amine Langmuir-Blodgett thin film sensing properties against volatile organic compounds(IOP Publishing LTD, 2019) Şen, Sibel; Çapan, Rifat; Özbek, Zikriye; Özel, Mehmet Emin; Stanciu, Gheorghe A.; Davis, FrankThin films of CBAMINE were deposited at air-water interface by the method of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique onto a suitable substrate. Atomic force microscopy technique was used to characterize its thin film properties. The results indicate that a uniform LB film monolayer from the water surface to a glass or quartz crystal substrates deposited with a transfer ratio of over 96 %. Gas sensing properties and thickness of the LB thin films of CBAMINE were investigated using Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique. Its vapour sensing properties were investigated for different volatile organic compounds. Reversible changes in the optical behaviour were observed and thin films of this material are highly selective for chloroform vapour with fast response and recovery times.Yayın Signals of chaotic behavior in PMMA(Pergamon-Elsevier Science, 2003-07) Hacınlıyan, Avadis Simon; Skarlatos, Yani; Şahin, Gökhan; Akın, Güzin GülsünThe time evolution of the current passing through PMMA polymer thin films under 10 V at 23degreesC (296 K) was sampled at intervals ranging from 1 to 20 s. The data showed chaotic behavior in the context of pinned charge density waves [Phys. Rev. B 41 (1990) 11522]. The resultant time series has been analyzed by means of TISEAN, time series analysis software [The TISEAN package CHAOS 9 (1999) 413]. The analysis has revealed a positive maximal Lyapunov exponent. This is also corroborated by a calculation of the fractal dimension and application of the Kaplan-Yorke conjecture. In the analysis two widely separated time scales have been observed; the first zero crossing of the correlation function at 8380 s and the first marked minimum of the average mutual information at 40 s.Yayın In situ fluorescence study of swelling, sorption and desorption processes in and out of PAAm gels(Wiley-V C H Verlag GMBH, 2008-05) Evingür, Gülşen Akın; Karslı, Kadir; Pekcan, Mehmet ÖnderSmall molecule sorption and desorption in and out of polyacrylamide (PAAm) gels were studied at various temperatures. Pyranine (P(y)) dissolved in water used as a probe. Fluorescence emission intensity, I(p) from P(y) was monitored for studying sorption and desorption processes. Scattered light intensities, I(SC) from PAAm gel was also monitored to observed structural variations during sorption and desorption process. Li-Tanaka model was applied to produce the swelling time constants, tau(C) and sorption coefficients, D(C) for the swelling processes. on the other hand, sorption and desorption processes were studied and coefficients were produced by using Fickian model. Related activation energies were also calculated from the corresponding physical processes.Yayın Thermally assisted OSL from deep traps in Al2O3:C(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2010-03) Polymeris, George S.; Raptis, Spyridoula; Afouxenidis, Dimitrios; Tsirliganis, Nestor C.; Kitis, GeorgeThe present work suggests an alternative experimental method in order to not only measure the signal of the deep traps in Al2O3:C without heating the sample to temperatures greater than 500 degrees C, but also use this signal for high dose level dosimetry purposes as well. This method consists of photo transfer OSL measurements performed at elevated temperatures using the blue LEDs (470 nm, FWHM 20 nm) housed at commercial Riso TL/OSL systems, after the sample was previously heated up to 500 degrees C in order to empty its main TL dosimetric trap. The influence of this procedure on specific features such as glow curve shape and sensitivity of the main TL glow peak was also studied.Yayın Interpretation of the glass transition temperature from the point of view of molecular mobility(Springer, 2005) Dimitrov, Ventzislav IvanovGlass transition has been one of the biggest challenges in condensed matter physics during the last century: in spite of significant progress we still cannot explain the sudden solidification of undercooled liquids on the atomic scale. The liquid state itself is one of the less developed branches of condensed matter physics. The theoretical concepts of atomic mobility, diffusion and viscosity in liquids are not in good agreement with experiments. In the present paper we attempt to answer this challenge by describing the thermal motion of the native molecules of the liquid as Brownian motion. On the basis of this theory we have derived general expressions for the atomic mobility, mu, self-diffusion, D, and viscosity, eta for liquids. In dependence on a reduced temperature t, the mobility is expressed as mu = mu(0)m(t) for t >= 0 and mu = 0 for t <= 0 where mu(0) is the mobility at the jamming point of the liquid, and m(t) is defined by t = m/(1 - e(-m)). The reduced temperature t = gamma T-2/gamma T-2(c)c is determined by a quantity gamma accounting for the anharmonicity of interparticle interactions in the liquid state. At the special values gamma(c) and T-c the mobility becomes zero, i.e. the equilibrium glass transition occurs when the reduced temperature becomes equal to 1.Yayın Studying on the small molecule diffusion into hydrogels: a fluorescence study(Amer Inst Physics, 2007) Evingür, Gülşen Akın; Karslı, Kadir; Pekcan, Mehmet ÖnderIn situ steady state fluorescence experiments (SSF) were reported during the diffusion of water molecules into PAAm in gels at various temperatures. The fluorescence emission intensities, Ip increased continuously as water molecules diffused into gels. I-sc, scattered light intensities, from the gel was also monitored to detect the variation in the gel structure during diffusion process. Swelling and diffusion experiments were quantified by Li-Tanaka and Fickian models.Yayın Equivalent dose in quartz from young samples using the SAR protocol and the effect of preheat temperature(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2006-09) Güneç Kıyak, Nafiye; Canel, TimurMajor concerns in the dating of samples younger than a few hundred years by the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) technique are thermal transfer and partial bleaching. Thermal transfer during preheating enhances the OSL signal due to the charge transfer from thermally sensitive, but light-insensitive, traps to optical centres of quartz and results in an overestimate in equivalent dose, especially for very young samples. In this study, the single-aliquot regenerative-dose protocol is used to obtain values of equivalent dose (D-e) from young samples taken from various environments around Istanbul. Within this framework, we aim to investigate the effect of preheat temperature on equivalent dose from 150 to 300 degrees C, the reproducibility of De measurements for young deposits and the contribution from thermal transfer of charge to the equivalent dose estimation. It was observed that the measured dose is influenced significantly by preheat temperature and the increase in the De is clearly due to thermal transfer of charge from deep thermally sensitive traps to OSL trap during preheating of the samples prior to the main OSL measurements.
