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Yayın The relationship between a mother's attitude toward domestic violence and children's schooling outcomes in Turkey(Sage Publications Inc, 2014-09) Rende, SevinçThis study explores the relationship between a mother's attitude toward domestic violence and her children's schooling outcomes in Turkey. The sample is drawn from the 2003 Turkish Demographic and Health Survey and consists of 7,951 children within the ages of legally mandated compulsory education. A probit regression model is used to analyze the data. The results suggest that the daughters of mothers who find domestic violence acceptable are 2.6 percentage point less likely to enroll in school, all else being equal, than the daughters of mothers who do not tolerate abuse. In comparison, the schooling outcomes of male children are not statistically sensitive to the mother's attitude toward wife beating. The policy implications of the results are discussed.Yayın Underemployment in the Turkish labor market(Sosyoekonomi Derneği, 2017-07-31) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenUsing individual-level data from Household Labor Force Surveys for the period 2009-2015, this paper examines the determinants of underemployment in the sample of wage and salary earners in Turkey. Findings from Probit estimations indicate that the effect of gender on the likelihood of underemployment is not statistically significant, and there is a negative association between educational attainment and the likelihood of underemployment. Within the group of higher educated individuals, there are important differences across fields of study.Yayın Türkiye’de beceri açığı: firma verisi analizi(Adem Anbar, 2020) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenBeceri açığı (skill shortage) terimi işgücü piyasasında becerili işgücüne ihtiyacın, mevcut işgücü arzından ne kadar fazla olduğunu gösterir. Bu çalışma Dünya Bankası tarafından derlenen Enterprise Surveys anketleri 2008 ve 2013 verilerinden faydalanarak beceri açığının Türkiye’deki firmalar arasındaki yaygınlığını ve beceri açığı olasılığının belirleyicilerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Firma düzeyinde beceri açığı, anketlere katılan firmaların yetersiz eğitimli işgücünün firma faaliyetlerine engel teşkil edip etmediği sorusuna verdikleri cevap ile ölçülmüştür. Probit modeli tahmin sonuçlarına göre firma büyüklüğü ve kayıt dışı rakiplerin faaliyetleri ile beceri açığı olasılığı arasında pozitif ve istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir ilişki vardır. Beceri açığının belirleyicileri 2008 ve 2013 yılları arasında değişkenlik göstermiştir.Yayın CSR and social marketing as enablers of recovery after the global recession: the Turkish banking industry(IGI Global, 2016-12-21) Gül, Mısra Çağla; Kaytaz, MehmetCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a relatively new concept in Turkey. Leading companies including banks stress socially responsible activities in their marketing communications. The recent economic crisis put banks into the center stage again. Turkey was one of the few countries that emerged from the economic downturn relatively quickly. In the initial stages of the crisis, banks faced some criticism for protecting their self-interest more and not acting for the benefit of the society. Later, these criticisms got weaker and less frequent. This chapter examines the behavior of banks during the crisis with respect to CSR and social marketing. Particularly, the chapter analyzes how the banks behaved during the crisis and how they supported small and medium scale enterprises and local communities through CSR strategies, as well as how they utilized CSR efforts as a marketing tool. In addition, the outcome of these strategies is discussed.Yayın What would normalisation of economic relations between Mashrek countries, Turkey and Israel imply?(Blackwell, 2007-04) Tovias, Alfred; Kalaycıoğlu, Sema; Dafni, Inon; Ruben, Ester; Herman, LiorThis article examines the potential for economic cooperation among Mashrek countries, Turkey and Israel in the fields of trade in goods and services both separately and across-field. It first describes the macroeconomic features of the region and then estimates the overall potential for inter-industry trade in goods by estimating gravity equations for each country separately and the potential for intra-industry trade using Grubel-Lloyd indices. The article also examines the potential for trade in specific services, namely information and computer technology, transport, financial and health services.Yayın Anti-tobacco control industry strategies in Turkey(BioMed Central Ltd, 2018-02-26) Keklik, Seda; Gültekin Karakas, DeryaBackground: Transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) penetrated the Turkish cigarette market due to trade and investment liberalization in the post-1980 period and eventually secured full control. Despite tobacco control policies put in place in reaction to accelerating consumption, TTCs reinforced their market power through a variety of strategies. This paper explores industry strategies that counteract tobacco control policies in Turkey. Methods: The study employs both qualitative and quantitative analyses to explore industry strategies in Turkey. Besides the content analyses of industry and market reports, descriptive analyses were conducted for the sub-periods of 1999-2015. The analyses focus on the market strategies of product innovation, advertisement-promotion, cost management and pricing. Results: Rising sales of low tar, ultra-low tar, slim, super-slim and flavoured cigarettes indicate that product innovation served to sustain consumption. Besides, the tobacco industry, using its strong distribution channels, the Internet, and CSR projects, were found to have promoted smoking indirectly. The industry also rationalized manufacturing facilities and reduced the cost of tobacco, making Turkey a cigarette-manufacturing base. Tobacco manufacturers, moreover, offered cigarettes in different price segments and adjusted net prices both up and down according to price categories and market conditions. In response to the successful effect of shifts in price margins, the market share of mid-priced cigarettes expanded while those within the economy category maintained the highest market share. As a result of pricing strategies, net sales revenues increased. Aside from official cigarette sales, the upward trends in the registered and unregistered sales of cigarette substitutes indicate that the demand-side tobacco control efforts remain inadequate. Conclusions: The Turkish case reveals that the resilience of the tobacco industry vis-a-vis mainstream tobacco control efforts necessitates a new policy perspective. Rising market concentration by TTCs and the global nature of industry strategies require that the highly profitable manufacturing and trade of tobacco products should be discouraged on a basis of international collaboration. To reduce and eventually eradicate tobacco consumption, supply-side tobacco control measures are needed along with demand-side policies.Yayın Allocation of parents’ time to child care among Turkish families: evidence from Time-Use Survey(Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Derneği, 2014-06-01) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenThis paper focuses on the time parents allocate to child care using data from the Turkish Time Use Survey 2006 in order to examine the determinants of parental time investment in child care. Findings from Tobit analysis indicate that number of children of either gender has no effect on the minutes fathers spend on child care which suggests the lack of parental preferences in time allocation. However, number of children of both genders is found to be positively associated with mothers’ time use. Results also suggest that mother’s education is positively and significantly associated with minutes both parents spend taking care of children. For both parents, we find no evidence of association between time investment and household resources.Yayın Gender and household education expenditure in Turkey(Eurasian Business & Economics Soc., 2013) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenThis paper investigates how the share of education expenditure in the household budget varies across Turkish households with different gender-age composition of children. Using household level data from Household Budget Surveys over the period 2004 - 2008, I find no evidence for a pro-male bias. Results suggest that a pro-female bias at the secondary school level emerged in 2006 which is in line with declining gender gaps in enrolment at the secondary school level. Findings in both urban and rural areas suggest that Turkish households do not favor boys in the allocation of education expenditures. To the contrary, in 2006 girls of secondary school age group receive more educational resources than boys of the same age group. This may be explained by the effect of both education and textbook assistance campaigns. Further research is needed to make other labor market oriented explanations.Yayın Life satisfaction and unemployment in Turkey: evidence from Life Satisfaction Surveys 2004–2013(Springer Netherlands, 2018-01-01) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenThis paper has three purposes. First, it explores the relationship between unemployment and well-being in Turkey using data from Life Satisfaction Surveys for the period between 2004 and 2013. Second, it examines to what extent joblessness at the household level interacts with own unemployment. Third, it tests whether the negative effect of unemployment on well-being varies with individuals’ own perceptions of their labor market prospects. Consistent with the other studies in the literature, findings indicate that the unemployed experience significantly lower levels of life satisfaction than the employed. While the results do not provide support for the social norm effect at the household level, they do indicate that that the impact of labor market status on well-being varies with the job prospects. There is also suggestive evidence that women and men are similarly affected by unemployment and job prospects.Yayın International trade and strategic behaviour: a game theoretical analysis of the trade dispute between Turkey and Russia(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis, 2017) Taşbaşı, AslıStarting from the premise that strategic interactions between countries influence trade policy decisions, this paper is a first attempt at exploring the possible outcomes of a trade dispute between Turkey and Russia, assuming that Turkey can lodge a complaint about Russia's protectionist move to the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB). Employing the course of events during the recent economic conflict between the two countries, the article models the stages of a trade game wherein players exhibit non-cooperative behaviour. It finds that Turkey reporting Russia to the DSB depends on the cost of the dispute, which represents both economic losses and losses that can be considered disadvantages in a broader sense. The results show that in trade relations where asymmetric interdependence is observed, if both parties mutually commit to an international organisation, binding regulations may provide strategy options that are otherwise infeasible for the disadvantaged player.
