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Yayın Introducing professional skills during unit operations laboratory(American Society for Engineering Education, 2011-06-26) Rende, Sevinç; Rende, Deniz; Baysal, NihatUnit operations laboratory (UOL) course is considered to be a crucial and integral part of the chemical engineering education. The primary objective of the course is to enable students to combine theory and practice. Problems in industry however entail more than finding technical solutions. Indeed professional life requires other skills such as an ability to propose ideas, develop practical solutions, participate in teamwork, meet deadlines, establish communication between technical support and suppliers, oversee financial issues, and finally reporting and presentation skills. This study describes how in three consecutive courses, we preserve academic rigor of the UOL course while incorporating components such as experimental design, project development and teamwork, which aim to meet the needs of professional careers. We follow up the course outcomes with a survey targeting the graduates of the program. The results show that graduates employed in industry frequently rely on these skills during job interviews, research and product development, whereas those who pursue advanced degrees in academia use these skills predominantly for their research, highlighting the need for adaptive approach for different graduate trajectories in designing the course. For both groups of graduates, the skills introduced during the UOL courses are reported to be valuable in their daily life, emphasizing life-long learning.Yayın The dynamic relationship between technological change and employment: a comparison of youth and total employment using panel VAR approach and causality analysis(Sosyoekonomi Derneği, 2022-10) Görkey, SeldaThis study empirically examines the relationship and causality between technological change and employment by comparing youth and total employment. It covers data from 16 OECD economies from 1985 to 2018 and uses multifactor productivity (MFP) as a proxy for technological change. The findings from the general method of moments panel vector autoregression (GMM Panel-VAR) approach indicate significant and positive effects of MFP on youth and total employment, and a significant yet negative impact of youth employment on MFP. According to Panel-VAR-Granger- Causality analysis results, there is a two-way causality between MFP and youth employment and a one-way causality from MFP to total employment. Thus, this study empirically confirms the jobcreation effect of technology and finds out that the technological change and employment nexus differs for youth employment compared to that for total employment.Yayın Municipal Economic Enterprises vs. State Economic Enterprises: a new arena for employment patronage?(DİSK Birleşik Metal-İş, 2020-05-14) Oğuz, Ahmet Bünyan; Soykut Sarıca, Yeşim Pınar; Taşbaşı, AslıState Economic Enterprises (SEEs) have been going through a privatization process, which began in the 1980s, increasing its pace since the 2000s. Against this trend, some argue that Municipal Economic Enterprises (MEEs) are being used to create employment with populist policy intentions in recent years. These argument rests on the perception that the MEEs have replaced the SEEs in using employment as an instrument for populist policies. The purpose of this study is to compare the populist policies during the years 2003-2015 which mark the timeline that privatization took speed, by means of the employment provided through the municipality in contrast to the employment policies of the previous governments, realized through SEEs. Theoretical approach of the study is based on Gramsci’s theory of hegemony, which includes the key concepts of patronage, clientelism and social state. Research findings within the limitation of data unavailability suggest that, MEEs do not have a significant potential for populist policies by means of employment patronage. On the other hand, since MEEs manage their operations by means of outsourcing, subcontracting and tenders to private sector companies, one can suggest that there is a potential clientelism relation between them and their service providers.Yayın Informal employment in Turkey(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2011-01-27) Dereli, TokerThis article examines the informal labour market in Turkey. Following an analysis of the major causes of the informal economy and informal (unregistered) employment, it endeavors to investigate the adverse effects of informal employment on workers, employers and the economy in general, together with the measures to combat its expansion as well as public policies which should be implemented to eradicate it. In trying to shed light on the basic reasons for the emergence of informal employment, arguments raised in favor of its existence are also dealt with. While referring to the difficulties encountered in the fight against informal employment, the article aims to emphasize that its adverse consequences outweigh the possible benefits, construed to mean that serious efforts are needed to combat unregistered employment in Turkey.Yayın Firing regulations and firm size in the developing world: evidence from differential enforcement(Wiley-Blackwell, 2012-11) Almeida, Rita K.; Susanlı, Zehra BilgenThis paper examines how stringent de facto firing regulations affect firm size throughout the developing world. A large firm level dataset is used across 63 countries and within country variation in the enforcement of the labor codes in countries with very different de jure firing regulations is explored. The findings strongly suggest that firms facing a stricter enforcement of firing regulations are on average smaller. This finding is interpreted as supportive of the fact that more stringent de facto firing regulations tend to reduce average employment. Robust evidence is found that this effect is stronger for more labor intensive manufacturing firms, especially those operating in low-technology sectors. Evidence also shows that this negative correlation does not hold in countries with a very weak rule of law.Yayın Türkiye’de genç yetişkin kadınların işgücü durumuna yönelik bir inceleme(Birleşik Metal İş Sendikası, 2022-10-24) Görkey, Selda; Çağlı Kaynak, ElifGençlikten yetişkinliğe geçiş aşamasında olan bireylerin oluşturduğu genç yetişkinler, genellikle işgücüne yeni katılmış ya da katılmak üzere olduklarından birtakım sorunlarla karşılaşırlar. Bu sorunlar cinsiyet bazında incelendiğinde, kadınların bu süreçte daha fazla güçlükle karşılaştığı görülür. Genç yetişkin kadınlar, öncelikle kadın işgücünün karşılaştığı hane içi sorumluluklar nedeniyle kadın istihdamının ikincil olarak görülmesi problemiyle yüzleşmektedir. Bu durumun da etkisiyle, doğurganlık çağında olan genç yetişkin kadınların sıklıkla çocuk sahibi olma ile işgücünde bulunma arasında tercih yapmaları gerekmektedir. Türkiye’de kadın işgücüne ait problemler ve genç işgücünün karşılaştıkları problemlerin kronikleşerek ileri yaş gruplarına yansıması, işgücünde genç yetişkin kadınların ayrı bir grup olarak incelenmesini önemli hale getirmektedir. Türkiye’de, 25-34 yaş grubundaki genç yetişkin kadınlara ilk kez yönelerek, bu grubun işgücü durumunu makro açıdan araştırmayı amaçlayan çalışma, konuya ilişkin bir durum tespiti yapmayı ve politika önerilerinde bulunmayı hedeflemektedir. Türkiye’de genç yetişkin kadınlarda işgücüne katılım ve istihdam oranları erkeklere göre daha düşük, işsizlik oranı ise daha yüksektir. Yarı-zamanlı çalışanlar içinde, özellikle 30-34 yaş grubunda, kadınların oranı erkeklere göre çok daha yüksek olup; aradaki fark giderek artmaktadır. İstihdamın sektörel dağılımı, genç yetişkin kadınların oldukça büyük bir kısmının hizmetler sektöründe istihdam edildiğini; eğitim düzeyinin incelenmesi ise işgücünde aktif genç yetişkin kadınların yarısından fazlasının yükseköğretim mezunu olduğunu göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla, genç yetişkin kadınların erkeklere kıyasla daha nitelikli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma ile son olarak, genç yetişkin kadınlara yönelik bakım yükünü azaltarak işgücüne katılımı arttırmayı ve işsizliği azaltmayı hedefleyen çeşitli politikalar önerilmiştir.Yayın Life satisfaction and unemployment in Turkey: evidence from Life Satisfaction Surveys 2004–2013(Springer Netherlands, 2018-01-01) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenThis paper has three purposes. First, it explores the relationship between unemployment and well-being in Turkey using data from Life Satisfaction Surveys for the period between 2004 and 2013. Second, it examines to what extent joblessness at the household level interacts with own unemployment. Third, it tests whether the negative effect of unemployment on well-being varies with individuals’ own perceptions of their labor market prospects. Consistent with the other studies in the literature, findings indicate that the unemployed experience significantly lower levels of life satisfaction than the employed. While the results do not provide support for the social norm effect at the household level, they do indicate that that the impact of labor market status on well-being varies with the job prospects. There is also suggestive evidence that women and men are similarly affected by unemployment and job prospects.Yayın Beyond a paycheck: the influence of workforce participation on women’s cancer screening in Turkey(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2016-12-01) Şen, Celia K Naivar; Lemi, Baruh; Kumkale, Gökçe TarcanThe present study investigates the influence of workforce participation on women’s cancer screening behaviors in Turkey. In cultures with predominantly Muslim populations like Turkey, emphasis is typically placed on a woman’s traditional role as a child bearer. Although the impact of workforce participation on women’s welfare has been studied in various contexts, the relationship between workforce participation and health protective behavior has received scant attention. Using quantitative data from a survey of women aged 40 and above from 33 urban cities in Turkey (N = 483), we examine the influence of workforce participation on breast and cervical cancer screening behaviors. Homemakers were less likely than working/retired women to be up-to-date on screenings. Women with lower income and education screened less; however, workforce participation seemed to have a positive effect on screening among these women. Additionally, working/retired women and homemakers differed from each other in terms of their perceptions regarding their risk of developing cancer (perceived susceptibility). In addition, both perceived susceptibility and women's perceptions regarding their ability to get cancer screening (self-efficacy) were significant predictors of intention to engage in screening in future. In Turkey, homemakers are in a vulnerable position due to lower rates of cancer screening. Furthermore, targeting homemakers for interventions may be easier than trying to identify other low screening groups of women such as those with lower education or income. Interventions raising perceptions of susceptibility to cancer, possibly by targeting neighborhoods during working hours, could be useful in increasing screening rates at risk women.Yayın Technological change and unemployment nexus from a gender perspective: empirical evidence from a panel cointegration approach(Routledge, 2022-06-27) Görkey, SeldaThis study investigates the long-run relationship between technological change and unemployment, focusing on a gender perspective in developed economies. Considering the obstacles women face in accessing labor markets, this study aims to empirically combine the technological change and unemployment nexus with a gender perspective in 20 OECD economies from 1985 to 2019 by using multifactor productivity (MFP) as a proxy for technological change. The findings from Westerlund Panel Cointegration Test and Pedroni's Panel-Dynamic Ordinary Least-Squares (PDOLS) estimator indicate the presence of a long-run relationship between MFP and unemployment rate with diversified gender effects. Even though MFP affects total and male unemployment significantly and negatively in the long run, there is no significant effect on female unemployment for the whole panel. However, the findings by economies are diversified and they indicate the presence of technological unemployment for women in some economies. Thus, the empirical results clearly show that the long-run relationship between MFP and unemployment is affected by gender differences.Yayın Social responses to Turkey’s recent economic crises of 2008-2010(Istanbul University, 2012-11-25) Soykut Sarıca, Yeşim PınarThe objective of this article is to discuss how the labor market can respond to challenges facing enterprises and workers during the crisis as well as the key ingredients of overcoming the crisis. Responses may be both of a macro and micro character. Following some introductory remarks, micro-level decent responses are introduced first. This is followed by examining national (macro) responses to the crisis, including financial and fiscal policy measures, labor market initiatives and social dialogue. The need for, and possibility of, coordinating through mutual adjustment at the national level increase especially in times of crisis, as the stakeholders come to recognize the necessity for system-wide solutions. Also, achieving consensus and comprehensiveness become more possible at higher levels. Thus, in the final analysis, stimulating economic recovery is important in making labor market adjustments with a view to prevent social crises and promote social cohesion, but the importance of taking adequate firm-level (using the terminology of the International Labor Office) “decent”, measures should not be overlooked either.
